Western Europe:
-Kingdom of England - English, Roman Catholic, Western European culture
-Kingdom of France - French, Roman Catholic, Western European culture.
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-Crown of Castile - Castilian (also considering Spanish), Roman Catholic, Western European culture.
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-Kingdom of Portugal - Portuguese, Roman Catholic, Western European culture.
-Kingdom of Denmark - Danish, Roman Catholic, Western European culture
-The Holy Roman Empire - German, Roman Catholic, Western European culture.
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-The Papal States - Papal, Roman Catholic, Western European culture.
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Eastern Europe:
-Kingdom of Poland - Polish, Roman Catholic, Eastern European culture
-Kingdom of Hungary - Magyar (also considering Hungarian), Roman Catholic, Eastern European culture.
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-The Roman Empire - Roman, Eastern Orthodox, Greco-Roman culture.
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-Republic of Novgorod - Novgorodian (also considering Russian), Eastern Orthodox, Eastern European culture
Middle-East & India:
-Sultanate of Rûm - Seljuk (also considering Turkish), Islam, Middle-Eastern culture
-The Ayyubid Caliphate - Ayyubid (also considering Egyptian), Islam, Middle-Eastern culture.
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-The Pandyan Empire - Indian (also considering Pandyan), Hinduism, Middle-Eastern culture
-*Shahdom of Khwarazm - Khwarazmian (also considering Persian), Islam, Middle-Eastern culture
-*The Ghurid Sultanate - Ghurid, Islam, Middle-Eastern culture
East & Southeast Asia:
-The Sòng Dynasty - Chinese, Buddhism, East Asian culture.
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-The Kamakura Shogunate - Japanese, Buddhism, East Asian culture.
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-The Angkor Empire - Khmer, Hinduism, Southeast Asian culture
-*Kingdom of Goryeo - Korean, Buddhism, East Asian culture.
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-*Kingdom of Đại Việt - Vietnamese, Buddhism, East Asian culture.
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Steppes:
-The Mongol Khanate - Mongol, Tengriism, East Asian culture.
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-The Great Jin Dynasty - Jurchen, Buddhism, East Asian culture
Africa:
-The Almohad Caliphate - Almohad, Islam, Middle-Eastern culture
-The Mali Empire - Malian, Islam, Middle-Eastern culture
-*The Kanem Empire - Kanembu, Islam, Middle-Eastern culture
-*Kingdom of Abyssinia - Abyssinian, Ethiopian Orthodox, Middle-Eastern culture
Americas:
-Āltepētl of Tenōchtitlan - Mexica, Sun God, Mesoamerican culture
-League of Mayapan - Maya, Sun God, Mesoamerican culture
-Kingdom of Qusqu - Inca, Sun God, Mesoamerican culture
And of course, the Independent Sovereignties (Rebels)