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ParallelPain 2 очка 7 месяцев назад*
I wondering if you could support this. I read that Arrian and Diodorus both reported that Macedonian phalangists were equally trained to be skirmishers with javelins, used when pikes can't be used, as on marches or during sieges.
Also, at least in Philipp's time, the Macedonian Phalanx didn't seem necessarily better than the Argos Phalanx.
According to the theory, Philip created the Macedonian Phalanx by either copying or more likely improving Iphakrates' reform of Athenian marine (probably) hoplites and mercenary peltasts, as Macedonia did not have an urbanised population to serve as traditional hoplites so Phillip needed something he can use to turn rural "peasant" farmers to match the hoplites of the city states.
If the theory is correct, then Macedonian Phalanx was created to fight other heavy infantry, while the Renaissance pike was an answer to heavy cavalry.
But both ended up fighting infantry a lot. Also both seem to have a heavier armored first rank and less armored rear ranks. Though according to this it was a cost saving measure. Alexander's phalangists were all armored.
EDIT: The theory is found
here. Iphakrates' reforms I have read in Diodorus, and is supported (or implied) in J. K. Anderson's Military Theory & Practice in the Age of Xenophon.
I can not speak for the archeological data, so I checked the citations for phalangist weapons. Curtius does mention the same Macedonian man using sarissa and javelin, and said it was the usual (though perhaps not the best choice of equipment for the occasion-a duel). Diodoros, Arrian, and Polyainos all record during various cases where the Macedonians used javelins, and all cases were which pikes would be ill-suited: being ambushed and in an assault on a city. However they don't specify the unit type doing the fighting.
So either phalangists used javelins when pikes are ill-suited, or they sat out all together -which would mean it was the skirmishers' job to assault a city which sounds weird to me. Given what Curtius says, and that sarrissas are transported in two pieces to be put together before battle so it makes sense for phalangist to have another weapon on the march, I think using javelins have a slightly stronger case.