Europa Barbarorum Bibliography

[Trarco]

I can read Spanish and would love to know more bibliography

Okay, here you have:

Spoiler Alert, click show to read: 

AA. VV. (2001): De la mar y de la tierra. Producciones y productos fenicio-púnicos. Ibiza.
AA. VV. (2006): Economía y finanzas en el mundo fenicio-púnico de Occidente. Ibiza.

Álvarez, M. (2014): “Hijos de Melqart. Justino (44.5) y la koiné tiria entre los siglos IV y III a. C.”, Archivo Español de Arqueología, 87, pp. 21 40.

Barceló, P. (1991): “Mercenarios hispánicos en los ejércitos cartagineses en Sicilia”. Atti II Congresso Intern. Studi Fenicie Punici, vol. I, pp.21-26.

Barceló P. (1994): “Otra vez el tratado de Asdrúbal: hipótesis y evidencias”, Mainake 32, 1, pp. 407-416.


Barceló P. (2000): Aníbal de Cartago: un proyecto alternativo a la formación del Imperio Romano. Madrid: Alianza Editorial.


Barceló, P. (2010): Aníbal. Estratega y estadista. Madrid: La Esfera de los Libros.


Barceló, P. (2012): “Aníbal y la helenización de la guerra en Occidente”, en S. Remedios, F. Prados y J. Bermejo (eds.) Aníbal de Cartago. Historia y Mito, pp. 159-175. Madrid: Polifemo.

Bendala (M.) et Blanquez (J.), “Arquitectura militar púnico-helenística en Hispania”, CuPAUAM, 28-29, 2002-2003, p. 145-159.


Bendala, M. (2010): “La retaguardia hispana de Aníbal”, Mainake, 32-1, pp. 437-460.


Bendala, M. (Ed.) (2013): Fragor Hannibalis. Aníbal en Hispania. Madrid. Museo Arqueológico Regional.


Bendala Galán, M. (2015): “Hijos del Rayo”: los Barca y el dominio cartaginés en Hispania. Las Matas (Madrid): Trébede.

Blázquez, J. M.; García-Gelabert, M. P. (1991): “Los Bárquidas en la Península Ibérica” en Atti del II Congresso di Studi Fenici e Punici, vol. I. Roma, pp. 27-50.

Costa, B. y Fernández Gómez, J. (eds.) (eivissa 2000): La segunda Guerra Púnica en Iberia (XIII Jornadas de arqueología fenicio-púnica (eivissa 1998).

Domínguez Monedero, A. (1986): “La campaña de Aníbal contra los Vacceos: sus objetivos y su relación con el inicio de la Segunda Guerra Púnica”. Latomus, 45.2, 241-259.

Ferrer Albelda, E. (2011): “Rasgos ideológicos helenísticos en la política ibérica de los Barca”. J.M.Cortés, E.Muñiz, R.Gordillo (eds.) Grecia
ante los Imperios. Spal monografía, 15, 305-316. Sevilla.


García-Bellido, M. P. (2010): “¿Estuvo Àkra Leuké en Carmona?” Serta Paleohispánica a J. de Hoz, Paleohispánica 10, pp. 201-218.


García-Bellido, M. P. (2013): “¿Clerujías cartaginesas en Hispania? El caso de Lascuta”. Acta Paleohispánica XI, pp. 301-322.


García Fernández, F.J. (2012): “Cartago a las puertas: Turdetania en los albores de la Segunda Guerra Púnica”, en remedios, S., Prados, F., Bermejo, J. (eds.): Aníbal de Cartago. Historia y mito. Polifemo, pp. 379-419.

Gómez de Caso Zuriaga, J. (1996): “Amílcar Barca y la Política Cartaginesa (249–237a. C.)” Memorias del Seminario de Historia Antigua, VI, Universidad de Málaga.


Gómez de Caso Zuriaga, J. (2001): “Amilcar Barca, táctico y estratega. Una valoración”. Polis, 13, 33-68.


Gómez de Caso Zuriaga, J. (2003): “El mediterráneo central y occidental en la época de las primeras guerras púnicas”en Historia Antigua (Grecia y roma) (J. Gómez-Pantoja (coord.), (ed. Ariel), pp. 384-390.


Gómez de Caso Zuriaga, J. (2012): “Paradigmas en la sedición de mercenarios en los ejércitos helenísticos del Mediterráneo central en el s. IIIa.C.”. Polis, 24, pp. 23-54.


González Wagner, C. (1994): “Guerra, ejército y comunidad cívica en Cartago”. Homenaje al Prof. Presedo, 825-835. Sevilla.


Gozalbes Cravioto, E. (2002): “Hélice y la muerte de Amílcar Barca” en II congreso de Historia de Albacete, vol. I. Albacete, pp. 203-211.


Gonzalbes Cravioto, E. (2017): “Los inicios del ejército cartaginés (siglo VI a.C.)” Aquila Legionis, 20, 9-30.


Hernández Prieto, E. (2017): Hispania y los tratados romano-púnicos. Vitoria-Gasteiz: Universidad del País Vasco.

Quesada Sanz, F. (1993): “Vías y elementos de contacto entre la Magna Grecia y la Península Ibérica. La cuestión del mercenariado”, Encuentro Internacional “Arqueología de la Magna Grecia, Sicilia y la Península Ibérica”. Córdoba, 3-5 Marzo 1993.


Quesada Sanz, F. (1999): “Romanos, cartagineses e hispanos en la batalla de Baecula” en II Jornadas de estudios Históricos, La Batalla de Becula, pp. 46-70.


Quesada Sanz, F. (2005): “De guerreros a soldados: el ejército de Aníbal como un ejército cartaginés atípico”, en Guerra y ejército en el mundo fenicio-púnico; XIX Jornadas de arqueología fenicio-púnica (eivissa 2004).


Quesada Sanz, F. (eivissa 2009): “Entorno a las instituciones militares cartaginesas”, en Instituciones, demos y ejército en Cartago; XXIII Jornadas de arqueología fenicio-púnica (eivissa 2008).

Olcina (M.), Guilabert (A.P.) y Tendero (E.), “Lectura púnica del Tossal de manises (Alicante)”, mainake, 32, 1, 2010, p. 229-249.


Pelegrin Campo, J. (2004): “Celtíberos en Africa. En torno a un episodio de la Segunda Guerra Púnica”. F. Beltrán Lloris (ed.) Antiqua iuniora. En torno al Mediterráneo en la Antigüedad, pp. 173-188. Zaragoza.


Pérez Vilatela, L. (2003): “Polibio (III, 33, 9 s.) y la administración territorial cartaginesa de Iberia”. Hispania Antiqva, 27, 7-42.

Pliego, R. (2003): “Sobre el reclutamiento de mercenarios turdetanos: el campamento cartaginés de El Gandul (Alcalá de Guadaira, Sevilla)”,
Habis 34, pp. 39-56.


Prados Martínez, F. (2008): “La arquitectura defensiva en Cartago y su área de influencia”. Arquitectura defensiva Fenicio-Púnica. Treballs
del Museo Arqueològic d’Eivissa, 61, 25-90. Eivissa.


PROYECTO BAECULA (J. Bello et alii) (2012): “Un escenario bélico de la segunda Guerra Púnica: Baecula”, en Aníbal de Cartago, historia y mito, pp. 345-378 (madrid).

You can find many of them for free on the internet

[Aper]

Interesting videos about swords in use by the Romans (ENG sub included):
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?lis...nomyIGrwggTAzJ

Very nice channel, a lot of interesting videos especially about italic peoples

[Jervaj]

I recently read a paper (from a Spanish university) which compared the way of fighting and approaching warfare in general of the romans and the celtiberian/iberian peoples, making the point that (against common belief) they were quite similar. Reliance on a core of swordsman line infantry and focus on pitched battles. It tried to make the point that even against the romans they focused and inissited on this approach which proved that it was indeed what they were used to, and not some kind of guerrilla approach focused on lighter and more mobile troops. Any advantage on that regard is attributed to the extra knowledge and habituation to the often rough terrain of the peninsula, but it even points out that from several quotes of the ancient historians that it doesn't seem their troops moved much better than the romans in some rougher terrains, which points again to the preference of line infantry. The romans mainly counted with teh advantages of superior logistics and a bigger command structure which lead to better discipline and organziation in the heat of battle due to their many officers directing their smaller units.

While that was the main topic, and I found it quite interesting, what caught my eye was a bit that sidestepped a bit and went to talk a bit more directly about the romans themselves comparing them specially with the eastern peoples and ways of fighting (mainly greek/makedonian). It suggested that the romans actually fighted in a much loser formation than what's often thought. It repeats several times that according to the sources one in a fighting formation a roman would roughly take the space of two opposing soldiers in a greek or makedonian phalanx. Mainly because swordsmen (as the main roman line infantry was after the early reforms) needed the space to be effective, and that centurions just focused on keeping their units on more or less of a cohesive blob but without special emphasis on shape. The paper argue that this potentially explained how the Quincux worked. The romans would march and form in close order but expand their formation before making contact with the enemy closing the gaps of the quincux once the retreating units had passed through.

I found it interesting because I always wondered myself how the formation itself exactly worked, and this sounded like a feasible explanation. I was wondering if the historians of the team have any input in regards to this. Also curious because in game formations were going to be reworked and I wonder if this kind of differentiation between stiles (swordsmen vs spearmen) specially when it comes west vs east would became more noticeable. I knew many formations were inteded to be made looser overall. I wonder if this could be represented to some extent.

There were also mentions at some point (that I think I have seen in this forum too) about the seemingly intermitent nature of melee combat. Specially given hot it seems that javelin like weapons (which both romans and iberians/celtiberians were fond of in their line infantry) were mentioned to be sued not just before the initial charge but also during the combat's duration which points to this intermentincy in the melee clashes between opposing forces.

[tomySVK]

This looks like a very interesting book - Comparing the Ptolemaic and Seleucid Empires: Integration, Communication, and Resistance edited by Christelle Fischer-Bovet, Sitta von Reden and published in September 2021 by Cambridge University Press.

[Ivir Baggins]

If I wanted to read up about the Saka, what should I start with?

[tomySVK]

If I wanted to read up about the Saka, what should I start with?

Try A Study of Saka History (link from the opening post):
http://www.sino-platonic.org/complet...0_saka_sai.pdf

[Raiuga]

For those more knowledgeable and experienced, do you recommend any good books/articles about the evolution of the population within North Africa Mediterranean Coastal section from centuries prior and during EBII timeframe?
Thank you in advance.

[Demon Soul]

Hi, have someone read this book "Armies of the Thracians and Dacians, 500 BC to AD 150" by Gabriele Esposito? Is it worth? link https://www.pen-and-sword.co.uk/Armi...Kindle/p/19723

[Shoebopp]

Well, since no one has answered yet...

"The average Kindle book size is about 300 pages, or 75,000 words of text, and the average Kindle e-book file size is 2.6 MB". This e-book is 61MB. Obviously there's no way this book has 72,000 pages worth of content - it probably has lots of images that are harder to downsize with file storage schemes. Even then, that's is a LOT of content for such a specific topic. If no one else answers, I'd highly recommend you buy and read that book.

Edit: The addendum at the end of the page states "The book contains a rich collection of photos specifically made for it by some excellent groups of reenactors". Even if these photos voraciously eat into the the 61MB budget, they're still photos - a historically accurate picture is worth a thousand words!

Edit 2: There are existing reviews on that webpage. Scroll down halfway and there should be a "Reviews" tab

[Jurand of Cracow]

Combined Arms Warfare in Ancient Greece. From Homer to Alexander the Great and his Successors
By Graham Wrightson
Published June 30, 2021 by Routledge
262 Pages
Copyright Year 2019

Spoiler Alert, click show to read: 

Introduction part 1: The purpose and methodology of the study

Spoiler Alert, click show to read: 

Putting Greek warfare in context
The Theory of Combined Arms
Methodology & Terminology – A conceptual methodological framework:
Combined Arms Warfare
Combined arms in the ancient world: A developmental continuum
‘Integrated warfare’
The process of moving from a basic use of combined arms to integrated warfare
A methodology for examining this process
The focus of this study
Introduction part 2: The theory of combined arms
Combined arms vs. integrated warfare
The effect of terrain on warfare and units
Unit categorization and subdivisions
Infantry – the hands, arms, and chest of the army
Regular Heavy Infantry – the chest and breast plate of the army
Elite heavy infantry – the hands of the army
Light Infantry – the arms of the army
Missile troops
Archers
Javelin men
Slingers
Peltasts
Elite light infantry – the elbows of the army
Cavalry – the feet of the army according to Iphicrates
Heavy Cavalry – the feet of the army
Chariots – earlier feet of the army
Elephants – the joints of the army
Light Cavalry – the legs of the army
Non-missile light cavalry
Horse archers
Field Artillery
Conclusions: The benefit of Combined Arms and Integrated Warfare
Section 1: The Hoplite Revolution in Greece
Chapter 1: Homeric warfare and the introduction of the hoplite
Primary Sources for Greek warfare
Homeric Warfare
Sources
Heavy Infantry
Missile infantry
Infantry Combined arms
Chariots
Cavalry
Combined Arms conclusions
Chapter 2: Archaic Greece – the dominance of the heavy infantry phalanx
Sources
Infantry
Hoplites and the phalanx
Hoplites as individual soldiers
The crucial importance of maintaining balance in hoplite combat
Early hoplites
Tactical separation of light and heavy infantry
Chariots
Cavalry
Combined Arms
Chapter 3: Persia vs. Greece - The advantages of the heavy infantryman
The Persian Empire and its (mis)use of a combined arms army
Sources
Infantry
Cavalry
Combined arms
The Persian Wars: the mirage of the hoplite’s superiority
Sources
Persian armies exposed without using combined arms properly – Marathon
Combined Arms Conclusions
The beginnings of successful combined arms in Greek armies - Plataea
Xerxes’ army
The Greek army
Infantry
Cavalry
The battle
Combined Arms
Combined Arms conclusions
Section 2: The implementation of Combined arms in Greek warfare
Chapter 4: The Peloponnesian War - Combined arms innovation on the battlefield
Sources
Infantry
Cavalry
Combined arms
Sicily and the Athenian siege of Syracuse – large scale combined arms in practice
Sources
Early warfare in Sicily
The Athenian Campaign
Combined Arms
Combined arms conclusions
Chapter 5: The Corinthian War and Iphicrates: Light infantry integration
Sources
Infantry
Cavalry
Combined arms
Combined Arms Conclusions
Chapter 6: The Theban hegemony - the inclusion of heavy cavalry
Sources
Infantry
Cavalry
Combined arms
Combined arms conclusions
Section 3: Macedon and Integrated Warfare
Chapter 7: Philip II – The sarissa phalanx and heavy cavalry
Sources
Infantry
Cavalry
Field artillery
Combined Arms
Chaeronea – Macedonian combined arms versus Greek diverse units
Sources
The Battle
Combined arms
Combined Arms Conclusions
Chapter 8: Alexander the Great - linking the heavy cavalry and the phalanx
Sources
Infantry
Cavalry
Artillery
Combined Arms
Combined Arms Conclusions
Issus and Gaugamela: Integrated warfare in action
Sources
Issus
Combined arms
Gaugamela
Combined Arms
Combined Arms Conclusions
Chapter 9: The Successors - War elephants and integrated warfare
Sources
Combined arms
Paraetacene
Combined Arms
Gabiene
Combined Arms
Ipsus
Combined Arms
Combined Arms Conclusions
Conclusion - Greece, Persia and Macedon: The success of combined arms and integrated warfare

[Abdülmecid I]

Three recent works about the Achaemenid Empire. It doesn't fall exactly under the scope of the mod, but it's still chronologically close.

Blackwell's Companion to the Achaemenid Empire is a huge volume with dozens of articles about the Achaemenid Empire. They are usually just concise summaries of various aspects of Persian history, but they are a very useful guide for research in a particular topic and also includes an interesting bibliography that covers the years following the publication of Briant's monography (still an absolute must).

Rop's work about mercenaries in the 4th century is a ground-breaking study of warfare in that era. He reevaluates the importance of hoplites, but without outright rejecting the testimony of Greek-Roman authors.

Finally, Manning's book covers one of the most ignored features of the Achaemenids, its armed forces. Before Manning, the most cited work on the topic was Sekunda's contribution to the Osprey series, which was nice, but not really a thorough study of the subject. Manning's volume didn't receive overwhelmingly positive reviews, but I personally liked it.

As usual with the most recent publications, the first two books are, for better or worse, available online for free.

[Sarkiss]

thanks for sharing. Wiley-Blackwell companions are great sources. often prohibitively expensive, especially if you're after a hardcover copy.

here is what i thought was a rather interesting article on potential location of body of Alexander: https://www.thecollector.com/alexand...s-tomb-venice/
would be great if they actually analyzed the remains.

[Kilo11]

thanks for sharing. Wiley-Blackwell companions are great sources. often prohibitively expensive, especially if you're after a hardcover copy.

Paywalls are a ridiculous aspect of academia, but most people in academia have ways around them (via university access, or personal access of their own). As such, I would suggest that anyone interested in tings which are prohibitively expensive ask around if an academic they know has (or can gain) access to the source. I am also in academia, and would be happy to try my hand at finding things people are looking for Just shoot me a PM if you're looking for something!

[Spartocos Leukonovich]

for those who want to read about Thrace. "Economic, Social and Political Structures on the Territory of the Odrysian Kingdom in Thrace (5th – first half of the 3rd century BC)" Kamen D. Dmitrov.

[Jurand of Cracow]

I think this is a feast for any seasoned player of the Hayasdan faction - free access here: https://www.ejournals.eu/electrum/2021/Volume-28/

[Genava]

A question, did someone has access to the publication of Nico Roymans on the massacre of the Tencteri?
https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/...81315144771-15

Because he presented this helmet on Dutch medias and I found interesting the writing on it:

Spoiler Alert, click show to read: 

It is probably Lepontic/Rhaetic alphabet (ancestor of the futhark runes) and I wonder about the meaning and reading of this. For me, I see clearly the sounds 'O' and 'N' with the first and last symbol. The one in the middle is more difficult to read. If it is a cross symbol, it could be the sounds 'KS' or 'T' and if it is a "dagaz" like rune, it could be either the sounds 'S' or 'T/D'.

Nonetheless, the most easier readings and meanings I have are OKSN which could means the bull in both Celtic and Germanic or I have OTN / ODN which could be... WOTAN the nordic god (Odin).

Someone has information or access about this? (please)

I found information about this f***i** helmet and it has nothing to do with Germans

https://www.academia.edu/20299467/Th...y_under_Caesar
https://twitter.com/pete_savin/statu...90076139589637

The inscription in Iberian script and the name indicate that legionary Bekon was from one of the Spanish provinces. We know that Julius Caesar as governor of Hispania Ulterior (Southern Spain) put together a legion in this Spanish province (the tenth) in 61 BC. That was one of the legions that he used to conquer Gaul and Britain. Caesar disbanded the tenth legion in 45 BC. The veterans were give lands and farms in the South of France and Spain. On account of the model of the helmet and the Iberian inscription the helmet must date form the middle of the first century BC. That means that it could have been worn by one of Caesar's legionaries.

[Jurand of Cracow]

A short MA thesis than can be used for intro to playing Makedon: The evolution of the Macedonian infantry during the Hellenistic period, from Antigonos I to Perseus.

And this article may be interesting for the Pergamon players: The Attalid Victory at Magnesia on a Lost Plaque from Pergamon

And here article on the Thrakian cavalry:
Odrysian Cavalry Arms, Equipment, and Tactics

[QuintusSertorius]

A worthy addition here is the Hellenistic Age History Podcast. Lots of topics covered.

A good example is this excellent discussion on Hellenistic navies:

[Rad]

An article about the Celts in Macedonia. I didn't have a chance to read it, but I did scroll through. Some very nice pictures, including 3 helmets and an ornate cheek guard.


https://www.academia.edu/10128436/_%...4Uvs-xNChHcTdk

[Perroelo]

Grainger's first book of his new trilogy on the Ptolemaics. https://www.amazon.com/Ptolemies-Ris.../dp/1399090224

Has anyone read it? How is it compared to Hölbl's "A history of the Ptolemaic Empire"?