I can't find much about this online - what happens when you get to the end of the campaign and haven't achieved your overall victory conditions? Someone has got to win by certain standards even if no one has achieved their overall victory conditions; it doesn't make sense for the human player and AI players to all lose. So, is it judged by how close to the overall victory conditions any particular faction is?

It's a shame that the main campaign is divided into Short and Long/Domination. Short is perfectly fine, but it seems arbitrary to have both a Long (40 provinces) and Domination (60 provinces) campaign. I've only just started playing, but I've picked Domination (despite my hatred of blitzing the AI) because it feels like Long is a cop-out, like I'd be choosing it just for the easier victory conditions, to be told by the game that I've won (some ego-stroking there). It's those darn Achievements, I want them!

In previous games, particularly Medieval I and Rome I (Medieval II I never played much of vanilla and have spent far too long modding), you achieved lesser and greater victory conditions when aiming for Domination - you received a message informing you that you'd completed your overall victory conditions, and that you had the option of pressing on for a more glorious victory by conquering more lands (and you got rewarded for that too).

In Shogun 2, Long and Domination may have worked better by being merged - you receive a message when you've captured 40 provinces, and then another [more rewarding one] when you've captured 60 (of course, there are actually 65 provinces in the vanilla and RotS campaigns...).