Fifty-five people have been sentenced for terrorism, separatism and murder at a stadium in China's north-western Xinjiang region, state media report.
The defendants, who appeared to be from the region's Muslim Uighur community, were presented at a venue holding about 7,000 spectators.
Three of the defendants were sentenced to death.
Chinese officials have blamed militant Uighur groups for a growing number of violent attacks across the country.
Photos from the open-air mass sentencing showed police trucks parked near a running track.
Prisoners wearing orange vests stood in the back of the vehicles, surrounded by armed guards, their heads bowed.
The sentencing happened in Yili, near China's border with Kazakhstan.
Local officials and residents watched the proceedings.
Those sentenced to death had used weapons to murder a family last year "using extremely cruel methods", according to reports.
No further details about the defendants' cases were immediately available.
The public rally seems to have been a show of force by the Chinese government, which has just launched a national anti-terrorism operation focusing on Xinjiang.
Officials last week announced a one-year campaign against militant violence in Xinjiang, banning people from conducting or supporting extremist activity.