The Thai authorities have announced that 1,300 Rohingya refugees were sent back to Burma last year.
They had been held at Thai detention centres and deported late last year, but the news has only just emerged.
Human rights groups have criticised the move, saying Rohingyas face persecution in Burma, also known as Myanmar.
Many thousands of Rohingya Muslims have fled Burma in the wake of repeated outbreaks of ethnic and sectarian violence in recent years.
The worst of the violence affecting Rohingyas has been in Rakhine state, in the west of Burma, which has seen fierce clashes between Buddhists and Muslims. Rights groups say tens of thousands have been displaced there, with many still living in camps.
The Rohingya people are considered stateless and are rejected by both Burma and neighbouring Bangladesh, which already hosts several hundred thousand refugees from Burma and says it cannot take any more.