Not really .
Carrae was the first clash of romans versus parthians , the imediately following battles made by Ventidius agains parthians ended in all roman victories , proving how Romans soon adapted and could defeat the mobile parthian armies.
Also romans were all but unflexible , thats a pretty wrong definition , ore adapt to. The hellenistic warfare than roman one that constantly changed , evolved and adapted itself.
As for teutoburg it was an ambush that lasted days set on a marching line including carriages and all , surely not a battle at all.also it didnt stop at all roman advance in german territory as proved all following roman battles in the area resulting in roman field victories . The reason why the german province was left was because it didn't provide any income or refund for the expenses of the warlacking any spoils of war or valuable local resource. While other contries like britain did instead have.
Also the arab muslims never clashed with the romans , they faced byzantine armies , wich were totally evolved and different fromthe republican armies.
Also check the battles camaigns of judas maccabeus
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judas_Maccabeus
A totally forgotten leader that inflicted heavy losses to the seleucid armies.