Comitatus Holsatiae - Grafschaft Holstein - County of Holstein
After the Migration Period of the Early Middle Ages, Holstein was a borderland between Nordalbingia (part of Old Saxony) at the coast of North Sea, the land of the Slavic Wagrians belonging to the Obotrites at the coast of the Baltic Sea and the land of the Danes in Jutland.
With the conquest of Old Saxony by Charlemagne ca. 800, he granted land north of the Eider River to the Danes by the Treaty of Heiligen signed in 811. The rest of Holstein was given to Obotrites, namely the Wagrians, and their Saxon population was deported to various areas of the empire. After 814 the Saxons were restored to Western Holstein. the Wagrians were pushed out of the Limes Saxoniae - the new border running from the Elbe river near Boizenburg northwards along the Bille river to the mouth of the Schwentine at the Kiel Fjord and the Baltic Sea.
The new county of Holstein was established in 1111; it was first a fief of the Duchy of Saxony, then of the Duchy of Saxe-Lauenburg, and finally of the Prince-Bishopric of Lübeck. With the establishment of the new territorial unit, expansion to the East began and the Wagrians were finally defeated in 1138.
The County of Holstein was ruled by the House of Schaumburg; the first count was Adolf I, Count of Holstein. Holstein was occupied by Denmark after the Battle of Stellau (1201), but was reconquered by the Count of Schauenburg and his allies in the Battle of Bornhöved (1227).
In 1370, Stefan von Holstein, a knight of Hungarian origins inherited the County of Holstein, due to his marriage to the only daughter of the last count who died sonless.





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