Spanish Army 1805-14
Originally planned to include Spain in my Minor Nations/States thread, but on reflection have concluded that Spain deserves its own thread in recognition of the sheer number of units it raised to fight in the Peninsular War.
To produce the following lists covering 1805 to 1814 I have drawn on Otto von Pivka "Armies of the Napoleonic Wars", Philip Haythornthwaite "The Napoleonic Source Book", the 4 Ospreys on the Spanish Army of the Napoleonic Wars, José Maria Bueno "El Ejército y la Armada en 1808" & "Uniformes Españoles de la Guerra de Independencia", Charles Esdaille "The Spanish Army in the Peninsular" & "The Duke of Wellington & the Command of the Spanish Army 1812-14", George Nafziger "Armies of Spain & Portugal", Sir Charles Oman “History of the Peninsular War”, Richard Partridge & Michael Oliver "Napoleonic Army Handbook - The British Army & Her Allies", Knotel "Uniforms of the World", Jose Gomez de Arteche y Moro “Guerra de la Independencia, Historia Militar de España de 1808 á 1814”, various magazines, articles & websites.
Conflicting information, continual destruction & reformation of units means that it is highly unlikely that there can ever be a definitive list of units. The following aims to provide a reasonable guide to the naming of Spanish units.
1805
Guard
Tropas de Casa Real (Royal Household Troops)
Guardias de Corps(Guard du Corps) 4 companies (Española; Americana; Italiana & Flamenca)
Carabineros Reales de Linea (Royal Carabineers, Line Squadrons) 4 squadrons of 90 men each.
Cazadores de la Guardia de Honor del Generalisimo (Light Squadrons of the Royal Carabineers) 2 squadrons of 90 men each.
Guardias Alabarderos (Guard Halberdiers) 1 company
Guardias de Infanteria Española (Spanish Guard Infantry)
Guardias de Infanteria Walona (also seen spelt Valonas) (Walloon Guard Infantry)
Spanish & Walloon Guard Infantry Regiments comprised 3 battalions each of 4 companies (250 men per company).
1808 August - both regiments now 4 battalions strong.
Infantry
Infantería de Línea (Line Infantry):
Line Regiments composed of 3 battalions each of 1 Grenadier (Granaderos) company (112 men) & 4 Fusilier (Fusilieros) companies (206 men each). 8 men per company allocated skirmishing duties.
Regimiento (Rto) del Rey
Regimiento de la Reina in 1814 became Regimiento de Galicia
Regimiento del Principe
Regimiento de Soria
Regimiento de la Princesa
Regimiento de Saboya
Regimiento de la Corona
Regimiento de Africa
Regimiento de Zamora
Regimiento de Sevilla
Regimiento de Granada
Regimiento de Valencia
Regimiento de Toledo
Regimiento de Murcia
Regimiento de Canatabria
Regimiento de Cordoba
Regimiento de Guadalajara did not escape from Denmark with Romana
Regimiento de Mallorca
Regimiento de León
Regimiento de Aragõn
Regimiento de Zaragoza
Regimiento de España
Regimiento de Burgos
Regimiento de Asturias did not escape from Denmark with Romana
Regimiento de Fijo de Ceuta
Regimiento de Navarra
Regimiento de América
Regimiento de Málaga surrendered at Arquillos January 1810; reconstituted 1814.
Regimiento de Jaen
Regimiento de las Ordenes Militares
Regimiento de Extremadura
Regimiento de Voluntarios de Castilla
Regimiento de Voluntarios del Estado
Regimiento de Voluntarios de la Corona
Regimiento de la Infanta de Borbón
Infantería Ligera: Batallones
Battalion comprised 6 companies of 200 men each.
1º Regimiento de Aragon in 1814 became 1º Voluntarios de Aragon
2º Regimiento de Aragon in 1814 became 2º Voluntarios de Aragon
1º Regimiento de Cataluña in 1814 became 1º Voluntarios de Cataluña
2º Regimiento de Cataluña in 1814 became 2º Voluntarios de Cataluña
Regimiento de Gerona
Regimiento de Tarragona
1º Regimiento de Barcelona
2º Regimiento de Barcelona
Cazadores de Barbastro surrendered Olivenza January 1811.
Voluntarios de Valencia
Voluntarios de Campo Mayor
Voluntarios de Navarra
Infantería de Línea Extranjera (Foreign Line Infantry):
Regimiento de la Infanta de Nápoles in theory comprised 3 battalions but there are some suggestions that it had only 1 battalion.
“Irish” Line Regiments comprised 3 battalions.
“Swiss” Line Regiments comprised 2 battalions.
Battalion comprised of 1 Grenadier (Granaderos) company (112 men) & 4 Fusilier (Fusileros) companies (206 men each). 8 men per company allocated skirmishing duties.
Infantería Irlandesa (Irish Infantry):
Regimiento de Irlanda
Regimiento de Hibernia
Regimiento de Ultonia
Infantería Suiza (Swiss Infantry):
Regimiento de Wimpffen
Regimiento de T. Reding
Regimiento de N. Reding
Regimiento de Betschart
Regimiento de Traxler
Regimiento de Preux
Infantería Italiano (Italian Infantry):
Regimiento de la Infanta de Nápoles 1809 drafted into Regimiento del Rey
Milicias Provinciales (Provincial Militia):
Provincial Militia Regiments were single battalion regiments.
Regimiento de Alcázar de San Juan in 1814 became part of the Line Infantry.
Regimiento de Ávila
Regimiento de Badajoz in 1814 became part of the Line Infantry as 2º Regimiento de Badajoz.
Regimiento de Betanzos in 1814 became part of the Line Infantry.
Regimiento de Bujalance surrendered at Arquillos January 1810.
Regimiento de Burgos
Regimiento de Chinchilla in 1814 became part of the Line Infantry.
Regimiento de Ciudad Real in 1814 became part of the Line Infantry.
Regimiento de Ciudad Rodrigo
Regimiento de Compostela in 1814 became part of the Line Infantry.
Regimiento de Córdoba
Regimiento de Cuenca in 1814 became part of the Line Infantry.
Regimiento de Écija
Regimiento de Granada
Regimiento de Guadix in 1814 became part of the Line Infantry as 2º Regimiento de Guadix.
Regimiento de Jaén in 1814 became part of the Line Infantry.
Regimiento de Jeréz surrendered at Arquillos January 1810.
Regimiento de Laredo in 1814 became part of the Line Infantry.
Regimiento de León
Regimiento de Logroño in 1814 became part of the Line Infantry?
Regimiento de Lorca in 1814 became part of the Line Infantry?
Regimiento de Lugo in 1814 became part of the Line Infantry.
Regimiento de Málaga
Regimiento de Mallorca
Regimiento de Mondoñedo in 1814 became part of the Line Infantry.
Regimiento de Monterey in 1814 became part of the Line Infantry.
Regimiento de Murcia in 1814 became part of the Line Infantry?
Regimiento de Orense in 1814 became part of the Line Infantry.
Regimiento de Oviedo
Regimiento de Plasencia in 1814 became part of the Line Infantry.
Regimiento de Pontevedra in 1814 became part of the Line Infantry.
Regimiento de Ronda in 1814 became part of the Line Infantry.
Regimiento de Salamanca destroyed at Rioseco.
Regimiento de Santiago in 1814 became part of the Line Infantry.
Regimiento de Segovia
Regimiento de Sevilla in 1814 became part of the Line Infantry as 2º Regimiento de Sevilla
Regimiento de Sigűenza in 1814 became part of the Line Infantry.
Regimiento de Soria in 1814 became part of the Line Infantry as 2º Regimiento de Soria
Regimiento de Toledo
Regimiento de Toro in 1814 became part of the Line Infantry.
Regimiento de Trujillo in 1814 became part of the Line Infantry.
Regimiento de Tuy in 1814 became part of the Line Infantry.
Regimiento de Valladolid
Regimiento de Milicias Provinciales Regladas de Mallorca in 1814 became part of the Line Infantry?
Divisiones de Granaderos Provinciales (Provincial Grenadiers):
Provincial Grenadier Regiments each composed of 2 battalions.
Granaderos de Andalucía
Granaderos de Castilla la Vieja
Granaderos de Castilla la Nueva
Granaderos de Galicia
Milicia Urbana (Urban Militia):
Milicia Urbana de Cádiz – 20 companies
Milicia Urbana del Puerto de Santa Maria – 9 companies
Milicia Urbana del Campo de Gibraltar – 13 companies
Milicia Urbana de Cartagena – 9 companies
Milicia Urbana de Ceuta – 5 companies
Milicia Urbana de Badajoz – 14 companies
Milicia Urbana de Albuquerque – 8 companies
Milicia Urbana de Alcántara – 6 companies
Milicia Urbana de Alconchel – 1 company
Milicia Urbana de Valencia de Alcántara – 7 companies
Milicia Urbana de Coruña – 12 companies
Milicia Urbana de Ciudad Rodrigo – 6 companies
Milicia Urbana de Tarifa – 4 companies
Compañias Fijas (Fixed Companies):
Escopeteros de Getares
La Compañía Fija de Infantería de la Plaza de Rosas
La Compañía Suelta de Fusileros
La Compañía de Caballería de Lanzas de Ceuta
La Compañía de Presidios Menores de Melilla
La Compañía de Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera
La Compañía de Alhucemas
Infanteria Fija de la Costa de Granada (11 companies)
Escopeteros de Andalucía (2 companies)
Infantaria de Marina (Marines):
12 battalions each of 6 companies
Cavalry
All regiments comprised 5 squadrons with 670 men (540 horses).
Caballeria de Linea (Line Cavalry):
Regimiento del Rey
Regimiento del Príncipe
Regimiento de la Reina
Regimiento del Infante
Regimiento de Borbón
Regimiento de Farnesio
Regimiento de Alcántara
Regimiento de España
Regimiento de Algarbe
Regimiento de Calatrava
Regimiento de Santiago
Regimiento de Montesa
Caballeria Ligera (Light Cavalry):
Regimentos des Dragones (Dragoon Regiments):
Regimiento del Rey
Regimiento de la Reina
Regimiento de Almansa
Regimiento de Pavia
Regimiento de Villaviciosa
Regimiento de Sagunto
Regimiento de Numancia
Regimiento de Lusitania
Regimientos de Cazadores (Cazador Regiments):
Olivencia
Voluntarios de España
Regimientos de Husáres (Hussar Regiments):
Regimiento de Husáres de Maria Luisa
Regimiento de Husáres Españoles
Real Cuerpo de Artilleria (Royal Artillery Corps):
4 Regiments each of 10 companies (each equipped with 6 guns manned by 120 men).
Included in this number were 6 Artilleria a Caballo (Horse Artillery) batteries.
62 Compañias Fijas (Garrison Batteries)
74 Milicias Disciplinadas