The
Battle of Hastings, in 1066, demonstrates some interesting military tactics. At Hastings, the soldiers were organized in such a fashion that the best soldiers were in the front line, and the less adequate fighters in the following lines. They formed a tightly packed shield wall with a spear projecting from it. Protecting the areas behind and to the side were archers and slingers. The Bayeux tapistry also shows armoured Saxon warriors using the long handled Danish axe. Either they stood in front of the shield wall or the wall opened to let them through. Though this formation has been criticised it was highly effective. It provided reasonable cover from missile weapons and was capable of resisting cavalry. It also needs to be remembered that all the Saxons needed to do was to hold the position and the Normans would then be penned into a small area and with no way of feeding themselves or their horses would have had to retreat.
It was in fact rather effective at repelling the Norman Cavalry and it was only the death of Harold and his brothers probably at the beginning of the battle that caused the Saxon command system to ultimately fail and the battle to be lost.