You guys are buying
way too much into the Hollywood/James Bond portrayal of spying.
Real life espionage is no where even close to that.
So yes....most of the people jailed in a particular country (if we go by the US tourists in Iran by example) are just unlucky people caught in unfortunate circumstances who are then scapegoated to play to a domestic audience.
Actual intelligence gathering done by agencies like the CIA, KG---err FSB, MI6, and so on is accomplished via turncoats, double agents, entrapment, or people who go for the highest bidder. There's an actual term for it in the espionage world when it comes to the traditional ways in which spies get recruited: MICE (Money, Ideology, Compromise, and Ego)
The real life intelligence agent is recruited because of their
access to valuable information, and practically all of them are
homegrown in some way.
I really can't stress that enough.
So it's next to impossible that people accused of spying who have no real connection requiring special clearance of some kind are going to fit the bill. Besides, the vast majority of governments out there aren't going to be stupid enough to blatantly announce to the world the level of ineptness and level of compromise a foreign espionage ring has managed to infiltrate and steal their secrets.
That's
if that government is smart though, which isn't always the case.
