The Bulgarian 2nd Army commanded by General
Nikola Ivanov held a line from
Lake Doiran south east to
Kilkis,
Lachanas,
Serres and then across the mountain
Pangeo to the Aegean. The army had been in place since May, and was considered a veteran having fought at the
siege of Adrianople in the
First Balkan War. General Ivanov possibly to avoid any responsibility for his defeat, claimed after the war that his Army consisting of only 36,000 men and that many of his units were understrength but a detailed analysis of his units contradict him. Ivanov's 2nd Army consisted of the III Division minus one brigade with 4 regiments of four battalions (total 16 battalions plus the divisional artillery), the I/X brigade with the 16th and 25th regiments (total 8 battalions plus artillery), the Drama Brigade with the 69th, 75th and 7th regiments (total 12 battalions), the Serres Brigade with 67th and 68th regiments (total 8 battalions), the XI Division with the 55th, 56th and 57th regiments (total 12 battalions plus the divisional artillery), the 5th border battalion, the 10th independent battalion and the 10th Cavalry Regiment of 7 mounted and 7 infantry companies. A total of 232 companies in 58 infantry battalions, a cavalry regiment (14 companies) with 175 artillery guns. That gives a number between 80,000 (official Bulgarian source) to 108,000 (official Greek source according to the official Bulgarian history of the war before 1932)
[2]. All modern historians agreed[
citation needed] that Ivanov underestimated the number of his soldiers but the Greek army still had a numerical superiority.
[3] The Greek Headquarter also estimated the numbers of their opponents between 80,000 to 105,000 men.
[4]
The Greek army, commanded by
King Constantine I, had 8 divisions and a cavalry brigade (117,861 men) with 176 artillery guns
[5] in a line extended from the Gulf of Orphano to the Djevjeli area, since it was not possible for the Greek headquarter to know where the Bulgarian attack will take place, giving by necessity the Bulgarian Army the possibility to enjoy temporary local superiority to the chosen for the attack area.
On 26 June the Bulgarian Army took orders to destroy the opposing Greek forces and to advance towards Thessaloniki. The Greeks stopped them and by 29 June an order for general counterattack was issued. At Kilkis the Bulgarians had constructed strong defenses, including captured Ottoman guns which dominated the plain below. The Greek 4th, 2nd and 5th divisions attacked across the plain in rushes supported by artillery. The Greeks suffered heavy casualties but by the following day had carried the trenches. On the Bulgarian left, the Greek 7th Division had captured Serres and the 1st and 6th divisions
Lachanas.