COUNTY PORTUCALENSE
There was, in the current territory of Portugal, along the process of reconquest, two Counties Portucalenses or Counties of different Portucale: a first one established by Vímara Peres after the dam of Portucale (Oporto) on 868 and incorporated in the kingdom of the Galiza in 1071, after the death of the count Nuno Mendes (and what though enjoying certain autonomy, it always constituted a dependence of the kingdom of the Astúrias/Leão/Galiza), being perceptibly equivalent to a current Douro e-Minho douro e-minho Douro e-Minho Entre-Minho). A second, constituted c. 1095 in fee of the king Afonso VI of Lion and Castela and when which vein to help it in the Reconquest of lands to the Moors, having received also the hand of his daughter Teresa de Leão was offered to Henry of Borgonha, a burguinhão. This last county was much bigger in extension, since it was comprising also the territories of the ancient county of Inhabitant of Coimbra, abolished in 1091, you leave of Them Behind The Hills and still of the South of the Galiza (chiefly of the diocese of Tui). Of noticing which County is a generic term for much bigger in extension, since it was comprising also the territories of the ancient county of Inhabitant of Coimbra, abolished in 1091, you leave of Them Behind The Hills and still of the South of the Galiza (chiefly of the diocese of Tui). Of noticing which County is a generic term to designate the Territory Portucalense, since his chiefs were alternatively entitled Committee (count), Dux (duke) or Princeps (Prince).
For a question of comfort, to allude if - á along this article to the first county portucalense like County of Portucale, and to a second one as County Portucalense, given they been this the most established expressions.
HISTORY
The name of the county comes from the toponym Portucale, with which from the century IX there was designated a city situated near to the mouth of river of the Douro, designated of PORTVS CONCEAL - Cale's Oporto, which judges to be a hybrid name formed by a Latin term (PORTVS, port) and another Greek (καλός [kalós], in other words, perfection), from where any thing as Beautiful Oporto; others express others opinion what It Conceals comes from the tribe that would live in the region in the times Roman-daily pay.
It dates so of this period the expression land portucalense or province portucalense to designate a different territory that was limited to the north on the ground bracarense, and to the south for the river Vouga, that it took as a centre and leader to village of Portucale.
In the century I a.c. the “ Histories of Salustio ” tell one “ Conceal civitas ” located in the Gallaecia; Conceal that she would have been also conquered by Perpena; in the century IV, in the “ Itinerary of Antonino ”, talk to him about a village called of Cale or Conceal; in the century V, Idácio of Keys writes on a “ Portucale castrum ”.
PORTUCALE
Though the existence of the village in the mouth of river of the Douro during the Roman period is confirmed, the same thing does not happen for his right location; the Parochial Suévico of Saint Martinho de Dume, studied by Pierre David after his identification for the Prof. Avelino de Jesus of the Coast, refers, some centuries later, to a village that it was designating like PORTVCALE CASTRVM ANTIQVVM, in the left edge, and other, the PORTVCALE CASTRVM NOVVM, in the right hand.
When of the power of the Suevos, Portucale was a stage of several events, telling to him between them the imprisonment of Requiário during the invasion of Teodorico (457), the revolt of his governor Agiulfo, who claimed to be acclaimed king and it was executed, and the last battle (585) of Andeca, last king suevo, won by Leovigildo.
When of the Muslim invasion of the Iberian Peninsula, Portucale was already, from the second half of the century VI, the thirst of the diocese Portucalense, situated in the province of the Galécia, and taking the bishop of Shackle as a metropolitan prelate. After the invasion, the diocese did not survive, having been restored only after the reconquest of Oporto, in 868.
COUNTS OF PORTUCALE: THE HOUSE OF VÍMARA PERES
They were counts of the house of Vímara Peres (not always in straight line, but resorting sometimes to the succession congnática):
Vímara Peres (c. 868-873)
Lucídio Vimaranes (son of the precedent - 873-?)
Onega Lucides (daughter of the precedent) ∞ Diogo Fernandes (? - before 924)
Mumadona Day (daughter of the precedents) ∞ (926) Hermenegildo Gonçalves (also called Mendo Gonçalves, son of the count Gonçalo Afonso Betote)
Gonçalo Mendes (son of the precedents) (c. 950-999; in 997 magnus is entitled dux portucalensium)
Mendo Gonçalves (son [or grandson?] of the precedent) (999-1008) ∞ Tutadona Moniz
Odd Alvito (descendant of Vímara Peres, married with the condesa Tutadona Moniz) (1008-1015)
Ilduara Mendes (daughter of Mendo Gonçalves) ∞ Nuno Alvites (son of the precedent) (1017-1028)
Odd Mendo (1028-1050)
Nuno Mendes (1050-1071) - last count of the family of Vímara Peres; when Garcia da Galiza was defeated by the king in the battle of Stony one.
COUNTY PORTUCALENSE
It is not necessary to confuse the County Portucalense — concession of two territories of Inhabitant of Coimbra and of Portucale to a count D. Henry — with the county of Portucale, which began to exist from the dam of Vímara Peres, extended by his descendants — though not always according to a perfect lineage — even to the death of a last count, in the battle of Stony one, in 1071, which was trying to get bigger autonomy face to Garcia II of the Galiza, who was governing the Kingdom of the Galiza and Portugal of his father, Fernando Magno.
However, the atrofiamento of the county of Inhabitant of Coimbra, created in 878, me them abolished with the conquest of the city for Almançor in the end of the century X, allowed the northern supremacy, which not even the reconstitution of an authority equivalent to that of the count — in aid of Sesnando Davides, in 1064, and extended even to his death, in 1092 — it could obstruct.
Meantime, the ambition of Lion's Afonso VI and Castela reconstituted again the unity of the paternal States and, when Garcia died again, after prisoner, in 1091, the territories in his possession passed for the hands of Raimundo de Borgonha, married with D. Urraca. At this point, the energy of the attacks Almorávidas was recommending the distribution of the military powers, better to reinforce the territory: a command in the central zone handed to a king himself Afonso VI, other, not official practised by El Cid in Valency, and the third thing the west handed to Raimundo; last East did not manage to defend efficiently the line of the Tagus — having already lost Lisbon, which had been given up to the Leoneses by the king staff of Badajoz, together with Santarem, which was also ready falling in the hands of the Almorávidas — and this will be one of the reasons that attribute some modern historians to the decision taken for Afonso VI [2] of reinforcing still more the military western defense, dividing in two to zone attributed initially to Raimundo, handing most exposed to Henry of Borgonha.
The count D. Henry supported by the political interests introduces clunicenses ambiciosamente in the politics of the Kingdom, conquering power next to the parliament. Seeing myself in the subordinates' condition to a king, the counts or governors had spacious administrative, judicial and military powers, and his thought was getting his bearings, naturally, for the acquisition of a complete autonomy when, in the Portuguese case, the conditions they him were favorable.
In order to increase the population and value his territory, D. Henry gave foral and did town (it established a new village) in several lands, between them Guimarães, in which it did citizens' town, when his compatriots are attracting there, with several privileges, many francs.
In Guimarães D. Henry fixed his dwelling, in own palaces, inside the castle that there had been built in the previous century. When the count died D. Henry (1112), it passes the widow of this D. Teresa, governing the county during the under-age status of his son Afonso Henriques.
D. Teresa begins (1121) when « Queen « is entitled, but the conflicts with the high clergy and especially the intimacy with Fernão Peres, Galician nobleman to the one who had had handed over the government of the districts of Oporto and Inhabitant of Coimbra, they brought him the revolt of the Portucalenses and of the son himself, systematically remote, for strangers, of the management of the public business.
To fourteen years of age (1125), the young person Afonso Henriques arms himself to you rider himself – according to the custom of the kings – becoming so an independent warrior.
In 1128, there is locked the Battle of Saint Mamede (Guimarães) between the supporters of the prince Afonso and those of his mother. This one is won, D. Afonso Henriques takes care the county and from him it is going to do the kingdom of Portugal.
Fighting against the Lion's Christians and Castela and the Muslims, Afonso Henriques got an important victory against the Moors in the Battle of Ourique, in 1139, and declared the independence. Afonso I de Borgonha (Afonso Henriques) was born, so, in 1139, the Kingdom of Portugal and his first dynasty, with the king.
COUNTS PORTUCALENSES: HOUSE OF THE BORGONHA
Henry da Borgonha (1095 - 1112)
Teresa de Leão (1112 - 1128)
Afonso Henriques (1128 - 1139, with the title of dux)
Maybe now you understand.
The county of Portucale exist in two different times.
First with the count Vimara Peres and Second with The Count Henrique.
The County of Portucale always aspire to be independent. They always wanted the independencia up to which they got with the reign of D. afonso Henriques.
Portugal was always a different region from others of the Iberian Peninsula.
Concerning Portugal
Reply With Quote
Originally Posted by Sokar Rostau
