Spain - Information & Discussion

[wangrin]

WAR OF SPANISH SUCCESSION

1. 2. 3.

1. Fusilier - Line Infantry
2. Miquelets - Light Troops
3. Cavalry

4. 5. 6. 7.

4. Tricorn
5. Mitre
6. Musket
7. Escopetes (Miquelet' musket)

Source : Museu Virtual de la Guerra de Successio 1702-1714



Other interesting source : Desperta ferro ! Catalonia Stands Alone

[wangrin]

Some links :
GUARDIAS REALES DE ESPAÑA - REINADO DE FELIPE V
GUARDIAS REALES DE ESPAÑA, (nº 3) - REINADO DE FELIPE V. por Jose Mº BUENO
ALBUM DE LA INFANTERIA ESPAÑOLA (Nº5), POR EL CONDE DE CLONARD - SIGLO XVIII
ALBUM DE LA INFANTERIA ( Nº6 ) DE EL CONDE DE CLONARD - SIGLO XVIII
ALBUM DE INFANTERIA ( Nº7 ) DEL CONDE DE CLONARD - SIGLO XVIII
ALBUM DE LA CABALLERIA (Nº3)dei CONDE DE CLONARD - SIGLO XVII Y XVIII
ALBUM DE LA CABALLERIA (Nº4) del CONDE de CLONARD - SIGLO XVIII
SOLDADOS DE ESPAÑA, CABALLERIA , del siglo XVIII, por Miguel MONTANER
SOLDADOS DE ESPAÑA del siglo XVIII, por Miguel MONTANER
SOLDADOS DE ESPAÑA, por JOSE Mº BUENO
SOLDADOS DE ESPAÑA-1700-1707, por JOSE Mº BUENO
INFANTERIA ESPAÑOLA- 1759-1768,por Jose Mº BUENO
REGIMIENTOS DE VOLUNTARIOS DE 1762 ( Respondiendo a una consulta de Stuart Sinclair de Luxemburgo)
FELIPE V - 1700-1746, Fuente = Soldados Españoles por Don Jose Mº.Bueno.
ESTADO MILITAR GRAFICO DE 1777.- CARLOS III .-(Con la colaboración de la Biblioteca Militar de Barcelona)
LOS EJERCITOS DE LOS BORBONES (Academia de la Historia) Siglo XVIII
CARLOS III, TROPAS DE CASA REAL.-DEL "TEATRO MILITAR DE EUROPA" TACCOLI
CARLOS III TROPAS DE CASA REAL.- (Servicio Historico Militar) DEL "TEATRO MILITAR DE EUROPA" TACCOLI
BANDERAS Y UNIFORMES DEL EJERCITO CARLOSIII

VIRREINATO de NAPOLES -1700- por Massimo Manocchi

COLONIES :
FILIPINAS, UNIFORMES DEL SIGLO XVIII, por Francisco Fernandez Mateos
FILIPINAS , CAPITANIA GENERAL DE FILIPINAS, Fuente = Biblioteca Militar de Barcelona
EL EJERCITO ESPAÑOL DE 1694 al 1727 en el sitio de Ceuta
EJERCITOS ESPAÑOLES en el sitio de Ceuta

BATTLES :
ALMANSA ,LA BATALLA, 1707, 1º PARTE - Ilustraciones de J.L.Garcia Moran y Emilio Marin
ALMANSA ,LA BATALLA, 1707, 2º PARTE - Ilustraciones de J.L.Garcia Moran y Emilio Marin
ALMANSA ,LA BATALLA, 1707, 3º PARTE - Ilustraciones de J.L.Garcia Moran y Emilio Marin

[wangrin]

Resources :

• ALBUM DE INFANTERIA ( 7º ) DEL CONDE DE CLONARD, fuente= Biblioteca Militar de Barcelona : Spanish infantry pictures from 18th century
  Examples :
  1. 2. 3. 4.
  
  5. 6.
  
  1. INFANTERIA LIGERA,.- 2º Rgto. Voluntarios de Cataluña.- Granadero de infanteria ligera.- Voluntarios de Aragón,. 1º Rgto. Voluntarios de Cataluña(1775 a 1778).
  2. INFANTERIA DE LINEA,.- Granadero del Rgto. de Toledo.- Capitan del Rgto. de Castilla.- Sargento del Rgto. de Galicia (1750 a 1759).
  3. Granadero de la Guardia Walona ,- Fusilero ,Principe.- - Granadero del Rey.
  4. Infanteria suiza ..- Granaderos de Bertschard.- Infanteria Italiana.- Granaderos de Napoles.- Infanteria Walona.- Granaderos de Flandes.
  5. MILICIAS PROVINCIALES.- Granadero , milicias urbanas.- compañias de Cadiz.- Invalidos habiles y compañias de Ceuta.
  6. COMPAÑIAS SUELTAS .. De Granada,- Dela plaza de Rosas, - De Aragón,- Guarda bosques del Rey.
  
  
• ALBUM DE LA INFANTERIA ( 6º ) DE EL CONDE DE CLONARD, SIGLO XVIII : Spanish infantry pictures from about 1760 to 1775
  Examples
  1. 2. 3.
  
  1. 1761 - Oficial del Rgto. de Volintarios de Aragón.- Fusilero del 1º Rgto. de Voluntarios de Cataluña.- Fusilero del 2º Rgto. de Voluntarios de Cataluña.
  2. 1766 - Oficial del Regimiento de Lombardia.- Granadero del Rgto. de Sevilla .- Fusilero del Rgto. de Vitoria.- Sargento del Rgto. de Cordoba.
  3. 1766 - Escopeteros de Getafe.- Fusilero ,2º Rgto. de voluntarios de Cataluña.- Fusilero del 1º Rgto. de Voluntarios de Cataluña.- Fusilero del Rgto. de Voluntarios de Aragón.
  
  
• ALBUMDE LA INFANTERIA ESPAÑOLA (5º), POR EL CONDE DE CLONARD : Spanish infantry pictures from about 1700 to 1760
  Examples :
  1. 2. 3. 4.
  
  5. 6. 7. 8.
  
  1. CASA REAL.- Alabardero, - Oficial de Infanteria de Linea.- Alferez del Refgimiento de los morados viejos..- Sargento del Regimiento fijo deSicilia (1700-1718)
  2. INFANTERIA DE LINEA.- FUSILERO del Regimiento de los verdes viejos,.- GRANADERO del Regimiento de los colorados viejos.- TAMBOR del Regimiento de los azules viejos.- PIFANO del Regimiento de los amarillos viejos.(1700-1718)
  3. REGIMIENTOS DE GUARDIAS DE INFANTERIA ESPAÑOLA Y WALONA.- Fusilero Oficial,Granadero y Tambor.
  4. REGIMIENTOS DE GUARDIAS DE INFANTERIA ESPAÑOLA Y WALONA.- Fusilero Oficial,Granadero y Tambor.
  5. INFANTERIA DE LINEA.- Granadero ,Rgto. de Bruselas,- Alferez del Rgto. de Zamora.- Tambor del Rgto.de Granada.- Fusilero del Rgto. de Hibernia, (1718-1750).
  6. INFANTERIA LIGERA .- Escopeteros de Andalucia, milicias provinciales..- Alferez del Rgto. de Niebla, - Fusilero del Rgto. de Baza.- Fusileros de Cataluña. (1718-1750 ).
  7. INFANTERIA DE LINEA.- Granadero del Rgto. de Toledo.- Capitan del Rgto. de Castilla,. - Sargento del Rgto. de Galicia.
  8. INFANTERIA DE LINEA .-. Grandero del Rgto. Hultonia.- Oficial del Rgto. de Oran.- Sargento del Rgto. de Saboya.- Fusilero en traje de cuartel Rgto. de Africa.
  
  
• ALBUM DE LA CABALLERIA (4º) del CONDE de CLONARD, fuentes = Biblioteca Militar de Barcelona : Spanish cavalry pictures from late 18th century
  Examples :
  1. 2. 3.
  
  1. MOGALAZ DE ORAN.- MOGALAZ DE CEUTA.- 1737.
  2. GUARDIA DE CORPS .- CARABINERO REAL.- 1789.
  3. FARNESIO, LINEA Y PAVIA ,DRAGÓN . 1789.
  
  
• ALBUM DE LA CABALLERIA (3º) del CONDE DE CLONARD, fuente= Biblioteca Militar de Barcelona : Spanish cavalry pictures from 17 and 18th century
  Examples :
  1. 2. 3. 4.
  
  5. 6. 7.
  
  1. CABALLERIA DE LINEA.- MOSQUETERO DE LA GUARDIA.. (1702-1703)
  2. GUARDIA DE CORPS.- DRAGON .. 1703-1704.
  3. DRAGON.- HUSAR DE LA MUERTE.- 1705
  4. CORACERO ,REGIMIENTO REAL ALEMAN., TROMPETA Y TIMBALERO, 1735.
  5. PORTA-ESTANDARTE DE FARNESIO, PORTA-GUIÓN DE NUMANCIA,. 1737.
  6. REGIMIENTO DELA REINA.- DRAGÓN DE LUSITANIA 1763.
  7. CARABINERO REAL Y DRAGÓN A CABALLO, .1737.
  
  
• UNIFORMES DE LA ARTILLERIA ESPAÑOLA ( 1701-1936 ) (1º), Ilustraciones de Carlos J.Medina ÁVILA, fuente ,= Biblioteca Militar de Barcelona. : Pictures of the 18th century Spanish artillery units
  Examples :
• UNIFORMES DE LA ARTILLERIA ESPAÑOLA, Nº2 (1701-1936), (2º) ilustraciones de Carlos J. Merino Ávila, fuente =Biblioteca Militar de Barcelona. : Pictures of the 18th century Spanish artillery units
  Examples :
• SOLDADOS DE ESPAÑA, CABALLERIA , del siglo XVIII, por Miguel MONTANER.
  Examples :
• SOLDADOS DE ESPAÑA del siglo XVIII, por Miguel MONTANER, fuente = Biblioteca Militar de Barcelona
  Examples :
  1. 2.
  
  1. Regimiento de Infanteria de Zamora, "El Fiel"
  2. Regimiento de Infanteria de Asturias, de Vitoria, Granadero del reg. de America, 1780
  
  
• EL EJERCITO Y LA ARMADA de Manuel Gimenez Gonzalez 1862 (Gracias a la colaboración de la Biblioteca Militar de Barcelona) : EL REINADO DE CARLOS IV .- ( 1788-1808 )
  Examples :
  1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
  
  6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
  
  1. TROPAS DE CASA REAL .- Guardia interior y exterior. : Brigada de Artilleria volante Reales guardias de Corps Reales Guardias de Alabarderos
  2. TROPAS DE CASA REAL .- Guardia exterior. : Granadero Reales Guardias españolas, Fusilero Reales Guardias españolas, Cª de Cazadores Reales Guaedias españolas, Cª de Cazadores artilleros Reales Guardias españolas.
  3. INFANTERIA DE LINEA
  4. INFANTERIA LIGERA
  5. CABALLERIA DE LINEA Y DRAGONES.
  6. CABALLERIA LIGERA. : CAZADORES Y HUSARES.
  7. CUERPOS DE LA REAL ARMADA.
  8. 1789- 1808 : Ayudantes de Campo, Capitan General de Ejercito, Capitan de la Armada, Ayudante de Campo
  9. CUERPOS DESTINADOS A LA REPRESIÓN DEL CONTRABANDO. DE 1789 AL 1808 : Escopetero de Gebares, Rgto caballeria Costa de Granada, Compañias de infanteria fija de la Costa de Granada, Rondas volantes de Cataluña
  10. CUERPOS DE SEGURIDAD PUBLICA : Santa Hermandad, Guarda bosques, Rto. caballeria de la Costa de Granada, Miñones de Alava, Miñones de Aragon, Migueletes de Valencia, Escuadras de Valls
  
  
• EL EJERCITO Y LA ARMADA de Manuel Gimenez Gonzalez 1862 ( Con la colaboracion de la Biblioteca Militar de Barcelona ) : EL REINADO DE CARLOS III.-DE 1759 AL 1788.
  Examples :
  1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
  
  6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
  
  11. 12. 1.
  
  1. TROPAS DE CASA REAL.- GUARDIA INTERIOR
  2. TROPA DE CASA REAL .- GUARDIA EXTERIOR. : Granadero de Reales Guardias españolas Fusilero de Reales Guardias walonas.
  3. REGIMIENTOS DE INFANTERIA ESPAÑOLES Y EXTRANJEROS. : Voluntario de Aragon , Coronel español, Granadero infanteria,Granadero y fusilero Provinciales.
  4. CABALLERIA : Dragones de1760 - Dragones 1784, Caballeria ligera 1776 - Caballeria de linea de 1760 y 1784.
  5. REAL CUERPO DE ARTILLERIA : Capitan de artilleria, Oficial de Ingenieros, Artillero.
  6. REAL ARMADA : Piloto, Ingeniero de marine, Teniente de marina, Capitan de artilleria, Sargento- Soldado de infanteria de marina
  7. COLEGIOS Y ESCUELAS MILITARESY NAVALES : Guardia marinas, Cadetes de infanteria, Cadetes de Caballeria y Dragones, Cadets de Artilleria y Reales Guardias españolas .
  8. ESTADO MAYOR DE PLAZAS : Oficial agregado, Sargento Mayor, Ayudante.
  9. RETIRADOS Y INVALIDOS
  10. ADMINISTRACIÓN MILITAR : Cuerpo administrativo de la armada, Cuerpo de hacienda militar, Cuerpo de cuentas de la artilleria
  11. ENSEÑAS Y INSTRUMENTOS BELICOS
  12. ESTADO MAYOR GENERAL DEL EJERCITO Y DE LA ARMADA : Ayudantes Reales, Capitan General del Ejercito, Almirante de España y las Indias.
  13. CUERPOS DE SEGURIDAD PUBLICA DE INFANTERIA Y CABALLERIA
  
  
• EL EJERCITO Y LA ARMADA DE M. GIMENEZ GONZALEZ 1862 (Gracias a la colaboracion de la BIBLIOTECA MILITAR DE BARCELONA.) : REINADO DE FERNANDO VIº (1746-1759 )
  Examples :
  1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
  
  6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
  
  11. 12.
  
  1. TROPAS DE CASA REAL.- GUARDIA INTERIOR Y EXTERIOR.
  2. TROPAS DE CASA REAL .- GUARDIA EXTERIOR : Granaderos, Fusileros
  3. INFANTERIA .-1750 : Sargento de los Regimientos españoles, Granadero de los provinciales, Granadero de los Regimientos walones, Fusileros irlandeses, italianos y suizos.
  4. CABALLERIA.-1750 : Dragones y Caballeria de Linea
  5. ARTILLERIA .-1750 : Regimiento Real artilleria de España, Capitan de Artilleria, Capitan de Ingenieros
  6. REAL ARMADA .-1750 : Jefe de Escuadra, Capitan de Navio, Pilot, Soldados de las brigadas de Artilleria y la Infanteria de Marina.
  7. COLEGIOS Y ESCUELAS MILITARES Y NAVALES CADETES : De Marina, De Artilleria, De Reales Guardias, De infanteria, De caballeria, De dragones
  8. ESTADO MAYOR DE PLAZAS: Sargento Mayor, Ayudante
  9. IDOS Y RETIRADOS :Oficiales de invalidos de infanteria y artilleria, Oficial retirado, Soldados invalidos de infanteria y de artilleria
  10. ENSEÑAS Y INSTRUMENTOS BELICOS :
  11. ESTADO MAYOR DEL EJERCITO Y DE LA ARMADA : Capitan General de las Armadas, Capitan General del Ejercito, Ayudante Real
  12. CUERPOS DE SEGURIDAD PUBLICA
  
  • INFANTERIA : Escopeteros de Gisares, Fusilero de Cataluña, Compañias Costa de Granada, Compañias de Africa, Milicias de Cataluña
  • CABALLERIA : Regimiento Costa de Granada, Moros megataces, Escopeteros de Ceuta.
  
  
  
• EL EJERCITO Y LA ARMADA .-M. Gimenez Gonzalez.-1862 (cedido por la Biblioteca Mlitar de Barcelona ) : REINADO DE FELIPE V.
  Examples :
  1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
  
  6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
  
  11. 12.
  
  1.TROPAS DE CASA REAL. : Reales Guardias de Corps, Reales Guardias ,Alabarderos, Mosqueteros de la Guardia.
  2.TROPAS DE CASA REAL.-Guardia interior. : Infanteria - Regimientos de Reales Guardias españolas y walonas.
  3. ROPAS DE GUARDIA REAL .-Guardia exterior. : CABALLERIA. Regimientos de la Reina y del Principe, Granaderos Reales, 1731, Carabineros Reales, 1742
  4. 1702 : 1º Uniforme Granadero, Fusilero, Inf español y italiano, 1718 : 2º Uniforme de Linea Inf Coronel Irland, 1742 : 3º Uniforme de Linea granad.walon, 1735 : Infanteria Ligera, Fusileros de montaña españoles, 1734 : Regimientos Provinciales, 1735 : Regimientos Suizos.
  5. CABALLERIA - 1702 : Caballeria de Linea 1º Uniforme, 1742 : 1º Regimiento de Husares, 1728 : Caballeria de Linea 2º Uniforme.
  6. CABALLERIA - 1703 ; Coraceros 1º Uniforme, 1703 : Dragones 1º Uniforme, 1718 : Dragones 2º Uniforme, 1728 : Dragones 3º Uniforme
  7. Regimiento Real Artilleria de España - 1710
  
  • OFICIALES : De Artilleria, De Minadores
  • SOLDADOS : Minadores,fusileros y artilleros
  
  8. REAL ARMADA - Brigada de Artilleria y Batallones de Infanteria : Gefe de Escuadra-Capitan de Navio y Piloto, Sargento de artilleria y Cabo de infanteria Uniforme de a bordo, Cabo de artilleria y Soldado de infanteria Uniforme de gala
  9. BANDERAS : De las guardias españolas y walonas, Del regimiento Real de artilleria de España, De las brigadas artilleria i infanteria de marina, De los regimientos de infanteria, Las coronelas de los Rgtos provinciales.
  10. TAMBOR MAYOR DE LAS REALES GUARDIAS ESPAÑOLAS Y WALONAS.
  11. ENSEÑAS Y INSTRUMENTOS BELICOS : Estandarte de la Guardia Regimiento. del Principe, Id. de la Caballeria de Linea Regimiento de Borbon, id. de Dragones del Rey,Clarines y timbales en todos los regimientos
  12. ESTADO MAYOR DEL EJERCITO Y DE LA ARMADA : Capitan General de Marina, Capitan General del Ejercito, Ayudantes Reales, Ordenanzas de las compañias de Flandes.
  
  
• FILIPINAS, UNIFORMES DEL SIGLO XVIII, por Francisco Fernandez Mateos : Infantry, cavalry and dragoons from Spanish Filipino about 1780

[carricanta]

Don´t forget this page:

http://miniaturasmilitaresalfonscano...ogspot.com.es/

Thousands of military plates... a really gift for enthusiasts!

Ask me for colonials!

[wangrin]

Yep, links point to Miniatures Militares blog from Alfonso Canova.
One of the biggest resource for pictures

He also add plates about Spanish Americas units.


But the biggest work will be to create the units rosters in a similar way we created the French and British ones.
Moreover, as the goal is to add a "regional recruitment system", it means the unit rosters should look like this for each of 3 periods (War of Spanish Succession, Seven Years' War, French Revolutionary Wars) :


I think that we will have to add "national" colonial units using a global AoR and "regional" colonial units (militia urbana, etc.), specific to each region for Spanish colonies.

[carricanta]

Yep, links point to Miniatures Militares blog from Alfonso Canova.
One of the biggest resource for pictures

He also add plates about Spanish Americas units.


But the biggest work will be to create the units rosters in a similar way we created the French and British ones.
Moreover, as the goal is to add a "regional recruitment system", it means the unit rosters should look like this for each of 3 periods (War of Spanish Succession, Seven Years' War, French Revolutionary Wars) :


I think that we will have to add "national" colonial units using a global AoR and "regional" colonial units (militia urbana, etc.), specific to each region for Spanish colonies.

Yes, i have units from the Philippines for the Indian theater in my mod

Please, add the "Dragones de Cuera" unit to the rooster.

I made a beta with spanish units, 1680-1715 period, and you can use whatever you want of my mods.

Regards

[wangrin]

TROPAS VIRREYNALES : NUEVA ESPAÑA, YUCATAN Y LUISIANA

• Part 1
• Part 2

[Steveholmes]

TROPAS VIRREYNALES : NUEVA ESPAÑA, YUCATAN Y LUISIANA

• Part 1
• Part 2

Hello kind Sir, Wangrin. I'm wondering how the development of the Spanish nation, for this mod. Very little I have found showing in game units, nor I haven't found the how the Spanish tech tree looks like. It would help for those player that are fans of the Spanish nation.
Cheers

[wangrin]

Nothing has been really done for Spain right now.
You are warmly welcome if you're interested in working on this faction, especially unit rosters, building chains and technology trees

[Steveholmes]

Nothing has been really done for Spain right now.
You are warmly welcome if you're interested in working on this faction, especially unit rosters, building chains and technology trees

Thank you for your warm welcome, as of now I'm a total noob in modding. I have down loaded a few tools including Milkshape. But I don't have all the necessary skills to do anything at the moment. Unless there is a teacher patience enough to lead, a team of noobies.
But what I can do is find relative information, characters, ministers, and people that may be used. Also depending what you have as tech trees for other nations I can guide what can be used and suggest other ideas. Who's the modders doing the Spanish nation so that we can be in contact, through teamspeak. I see you guys have Carricanta! An amazing modder.

[wangrin]

Right now, no modder is comitted to Spanish faction.
I suppose I will be the one to work on, but I already have a lot of work to do (finish France and Great Britain, working on India).

I should create a set of document for working on factions (techtree patterns, unit roster and building chains, etc.), but I don't know when I will have time to do it.

If you're interested in moding and modeling I could teach you, but probably not before september as I cannot use my main PC as long as temperatures don't decrease (if I use my PC, temperature reach 30°C and more in my office...).

[Steveholmes]

Right now, no modder is comitted to Spanish faction.
I suppose I will be the one to work on, but I already have a lot of work to do (finish France and Great Britain, working on India).

I should create a set of document for working on factions (techtree patterns, unit roster and building chains, etc.), but I don't know when I will have time to do it.

If you're interested in moding and modeling I could teach you, but probably not before september as I cannot use my main PC as long as temperatures don't decrease (if I use my PC, temperature reach 30°C and more in my office...).

Okay Supper cool. I'm all willing, I'm sure some things will be easy to kinda copy and paste, once the other tech nations like france is tested and works prefectly, and could be used for Spain minus certain things. I will send you my email address on PM and if you got Teamspeak we could communicate. As for your computer a good investment for a liquid cooling unit could do a great help.
Cheers
SH

[Steveholmes]

Important Spanish Characters

ROYAL Family and Other ROYALS

Spoiler Alert, click show to read: 

CARLOS II Habsburg HOUSE: hier =>FELIPE V BOURBON HOUSE (or) CARLOS III Habsburg AUSTRIA HOUSE


CARLOS III Habsburg AUSTRIA HOUSE: Leader of rebel forces, in Gibraltar.

FELIPE V BOURBON HOUSE: (Queen Consort: Maria Luisa de SAVOY) or (Queen Consort: Isabel FARNESE PARMA)

Children:
LUIS I BORBON De Savoy House
FERNANDO VI BORBON De Savoy House
CARLOS III BORBON, Farnese HOUSE: (Queen Consort: Maria Amalia SAXONY)
Children:

CARLOS IV BORBON, Saxony HOUSE: (Queen Consort: Maria Luisa PARMA)
Children:
Fernando VII BORBON Parma House

ENVOYS

Spoiler Alert, click show to read: 

Anne Marie de la Trémoïlle Noirmoutier
Fernando de Alencastre
Giulio Alberoni
Luis Francisco de la Cerda y Aragón
Johan Willem Ripperda
Pedro Cebrián y Agustín, 5th Count of Fuenclara,
Ricardo Wall

GENTLEMEN

Spoiler Alert, click show to read: 

Antonio de Ulloa
Don Carlos de Sigüenza y Góngora
Fernando de Alencastre
Gaspar Melchor de Jovellanos
Jorge Juan y Santacilia
José Agustín Meléndez , 1724-1800
Juan Manuel Fernández Pacheco
Lorenzo Boturini Bernaducci
Pedro de Lucuce y Ponce

MINISTERS

Spoiler Alert, click show to read: 

Baltasar Zúñiga y Guzmán
Fernando de Alencastre
Fernando de Aragón y Moncada
Fernando de Silva Mendoza
Francisco Antonio de Salcedo y Aguirre
Gaspar Melchor de Jovellanos, 1744-1811
Gaspar Téllez-Girón y Sandoval
Giulio Alberoni
Giuseppe Bonito Esquilache
José del Campillo
José de Carvajal y Lancáster
José de Gálvez y Gallardo
José de Solís y Valderrábano
José Patiño
Juan Francisco de Güemes y Horcasitas
Leopoldo de gregorio
Luis Francisco de la Cerda y Aragón
Manuel Godoy y Álvarez de Faria
Pedro Núñez de Prado
Pedro Rodríguez de Campomanes
Sebastián de Cotes
Sebastián de la Cuadra
Zenón de Somodevilla
Inquisistional Ministers with alot of ZEAL, for some...
Agustín Rubín de Ceballos
Alfonso Fernández de Córdoba y Figueroa
Alhambra del BolAlhambra del Bolero
Andrés de Orbe y Larreategui
Antonio Gil de Taboada
Antonio Ibáñez de la Riva Herrera
Baltasar de Mendoza y Sandoval
Diego de Astorga y Céspedes
Diego Sarmiento de Valladares
Emmanuele de Gregorio
Felipe Beltrán Serrano
Francesco del Giudice
Francisco Antonio de Lorenzana y Butrón
Francisco Javier Mier Campillo
Francisco Pérez de Prado y CuestaGerónimo Castillón y Salas
Josef de Molines
Juan de Camargo y AnguloJuan Everardo Nithard
Juan Tomás de Rocaberti
Luis Manuel Fernández de Portocarrero
Manuel Abad y Lasierra
Manuel Isidro Orozco Manrique de Lara
Manuel Quintano Bonifaz
Ramón José de Arce
Vidal Marín del Campo

ADMIRALS

Spoiler Alert, click show to read: 

Andrés de Pez y Malzarraga (1657-1723)
Antonio Barceló (1717-1797)
Antonio de Ulloa 1716-1795)
Antonio Valdés y Fernández Bazán (1744-1816)
Blas De Lezo (1689-1741)
Cayetano Valdés y Flores Bazán (1767-1835)
Federico Gravina Y Nápoli (1756-1806)
Gutierre de Hevia (1710-1772)
Ignacio María de Álava (1750-1817)
José Antonio Castañeta (1656-1728)
José de Mazarredo (1745-1812)
José de Solano y Bote Carrasco y Díaz (1726-1806)
Juan José de Navarro Viana y Búfalo (1687-1772)
Luis de Cordova y Cordova (1706-1796)
Luis Vicente de Velasco e Isla (1711-1762)
Manuel de Velasco y Tejada (xx-xx)
Zenón de Somodevilla (1702-1781)

GENERALS

Spoiler Alert, click show to read: 

Alberto Octavio Tserclaes de Tilly (1646-1715)
Alejandro O'Reilly (1722-1794)
Alexandre Maître, marquis de Bay (1650-1715)
Alonso Felipe de Andrade (1667-1717)
Antonio de Villarroel y Pelaez (1656-1726)
Baltasar de Zúñiga y Guzmán (1658-1727)
Antonio Ricardos Carrillo (1727-1794)
Bernardo Gálvez (1746-1786)
Bruno Mauricio de Zabala (1682-1736)
Carlos Franciscode Croix (1699-1786)
Don Diego Esteban Gómez de Salinas y Rodríguez de Villarroel (1646-1720)
Don Estevan de Berroa (1646-1728)
Fernando de Silva Mendoza (1714-1776)
Francisco Castillo Fajardo de Villadarias (1642-1716)
Francisco de Velasco (1681-1746)
Gaspar Téllez-Girón y Sandoval (1625-1700)
General Josep Moragues i Mas (1669-1715)
Jean François de Bette, Marquis of Lede (1672-1725)
Jorge Próspero de Verboom (1667-1744)
José de Armendáriz (1662-1740)
José Francisco Carrillo de Albornoz y Montiel (1671-1746)
José Manso de Velasco (1688-1767)
José Navarro (1687-1772)
Juan Francisco de Bette (1672-1725)
Juan Francisco de Güemes y Horcasitas (1681-1766)
Juan José de Navarro Viana y Búfalo (1687-1772)
Juan Manuel Fernández Pacheco (1650-1725)
Marques d'Avaray
Matias de Galvezy Gallardo (1715-1784)
Manuel Godoy y Álvarez de Faria
Nicolás de Carvajal (1699-1770)
Pedro Manuel de Ataíde (1665-1722)
Pedro Antonio de Cevallos Cortés y Calderón (1715-1778)
Pedro de Alcántara Téllez-Girón (1728-1787)
Sebastián de Eslava y Lazaga (1684-1759)
Sebastian de Moscoso (1651-1719)
Teodoro de Croix (1730-1792)
Thomas Alexandre Morant (1650-1715)
Victor Marie d'Estrees (1660-1737)
Villadarias IV

Just to mention a few....

[Steveholmes]

Here is an helpful site to understand Spain in the reign of the Borbons. http://www.nova.es/~jlb/mad_in83.htm

I copied the pages even though it is a copy right protected. For the simple reason that this site may completely disappear. Like what happened to many interesting sites that had GeoCities.

Also this will allow to better comprehend for the script writer and programmer, to better represent the Spaniard of that era and it's his social and political and economical constraints, when creating the Spanish tech-tree, and it accompning buildings.
I hope this will be of some good praticle use. Cheers.

HISTORICAL REFERENCE

After the death of Charles II, the last king of the House of Austria, the French Bourbons arrived on February of 1701. The dynasty begins with Philip V, grandson of Louis XIV.

King Philip V (1700 - 1746)

Soon after initiating his reign the Fortress is on fire, with the consequent loss of jewels and works of art: paintings by Velázquez, Van Dick and all the masters.

The fire, took place on the Christmas Eve of 1734 and the destruction of the symbol of power of Austrias dynasty can be considered. Two years later, the reconstruction of the new Royal Palace began.

The project was in charge to the Italian Philip Juvara, but before the excessive cost of its realization, it was considered another simpler budget by the Italian John Baptist Sachetti. Madrid lived during the reign of this monarch one of its more expansive and creative periods.

The head magistrate of the City, Marquis of Vadillo, looked for the help and the advice of Pedro Ribera, to carry out a project of modernization of Madrid.

The young architect, still with strong opposition on the part of the Town Council and of the Italian architects raised the Toledo Bridge, planed the border of the Manzanares where he raised the church of the Virgin of the Port, the Saint Ferdinand's Hospice designed, present Municipal Museum, etc.

The tasks for embellishment and modernization continue with the creation of the Academies of the Language, History and Medicine. It was based on the National Library and the Tapestries Factory, in addition to several churches and palaces.

Succeeded Philip V by his son Ferdinand VI who married the Portuguese Bárbara of Braganza who, in narrow collaboration with the Marquis of the Ensenada, continued with the task of embellishment of Madrid, although in a more calmer way.

King Ferdinand VI (1746 - 1759)

During his reign, the Royal Salesas and the whole neighborhood that today takes that name rise. Also it is necessary to place in his salary the foundation of the Royal Academy of Fine Arts of Saint Ferdinand, the Alcalá Gate's bullring and the Recoletos Gate.

Charles III considered as the best Mayor of Madrid, arrived in the capital coming from Naples when passing away of pain by the death of the wife his brother Ferdinand VI. His interest in modernizing the country was reflected in Madrid, with the creation of a sewer system net, public illumination and paved of streets.

King Charles III (1759 - 1788)

In spite of being known as one of the biggest beneficient of Madrid, it is necessary to say that his victorious entrance was not anything calm, since soon after he was forced to cease to his prime minister Esquilache, before the protest of the town that wanted of more serious problems was not arranged to allow that the layers were used excessive respect and the use of the hats that hid their faces was prohibited.

Calmed the spirits, he could continue with his task of modernizing a city that becomed echo of the changes that were taking place in the world. There is a very concrete zone of Madrid, that somehow symbolizes his reign. It is the Prado Walk with the fountains of Neptune, Cibeles and the Alcalá Gate.

King Charles IV (1788 - 1808)

Completing the scientific task the Astronomical Observatory rises, is located the Botanical Garden, the Museum of Natural Sciences present Museum of the Prado and the Royal Hospital. Another event of vital importance for the Spanish town was the creation of a system of lottery, in December of 1763.

On the 31 of March of 1767, at twelve at night, he ordered the Jesuits to leave the country. A year before the French Revolution had taken place in Madrid. His heir, Charles IV count already more than 40 years when he raises the throne

[Steveholmes]

WAR of Spanish Succession

Philip of Anjou was appointment like king Charles II's inheritor. This notice was welcomed with indifference in England, Holland and Portugal until French king Louis XIV proclaims, in 1704, that both thrones can be compatible.

It is then, when these countries allied with Austria, to neutralize the Gallic aspiration, generalizing the conflict.

Madrid is the first Spanish city that watches the confrontation by a real decree, that forces it to give a "contribution" for military expenses.

Soldier at first of 18th century prepared to shoot a spark shotgun.
He takes above a small pouch and a wing of gunpowder, a long military frock coat with
wide hat, picked up with buttons, so that it doesn't hinder him the vision.

The madrilenians should contribute with one real (Spanish coin of 25 cents) by fanega of cultivate lands (1.59 acres); two real by fanega of vegetable garden, vineyard and olive grove; a five per cent on leasings and rents of houses, meadows, mills and pastures; one real by head of greater cattle and eight maravedíes (old Spanish coin) by head of smaller cattle.

The decree strengthens Philip's opponents momentarily, who fustrates an invading attempt in the Portuguese Alentejo, winning old fidelities by the victory.

However, the allied victories in Gibraltar, Aragon, Catalonia and Levant force to him to flee from Madrid in 1706, leaving it on hands of the Austrian archduke.

The pretender's stay in the city is not anything gratifying. Entered the 4 of August of that year, he has to flee two months later, after verifying the Madrilenian hostility, that closes doors and windows in his presence and acclaims Philip V, returned with French and Andalusianses reinforcements.

Austrian archduke Charles's landing in Barcelona

The war is unequal. In 1707, Philip V defeat in Almansa (Albacete), sending to the Court one hundred flags taken in the affray, that are deposited in the church of the Virgin of Atocha, recovering immediately afterwards Zaragoza and Valencia. But in 1710, all changed.

Philip V is defeated in the outskirts of Zaragoza and has to retire to Valladolid, leaving Madrid on hands of the archduke, who makes his entrance the 28 of September, after to have fixed his quarters in Canillejas, Villaverde, Ciempozuelos and The Pardo.

In this second occasion, the civic attitude stops to be passive because of the pretender's blame, that dictates a series of decrees received with evident hostility.

In one of them and under death penalty, it forces to the grandees of Spain and noblemen in favor of Philip V to go to Toledo. Also, in twenty-four hours, should travel whichever French remained in the Villa, although they belong to families settled down centuries back.

On the other hand, the madrilenians were forced to give their arms, specially those of fire. The same capital punishment prevails for those were being corresponded with, in favor of Philip V, those that speaks bad of the government or those that came from Valladolid.

The church is also forced to present inventory of its goods, auctioning a great part of them - patens, mostrances, large cups, ornaments -, obtaining with it to propagate the news that, combatting to the archduke, the crusade against the heretics is being impelled. The situation, for the Austrian, becomes tense.

The battle of Villaviciosa cleared the way for Philip's V definitive victory
in the so called War of Spanish Succession. (1700 - 1714)

Harassed by fighter forces that isolated Madrid, surrounded by a population that did not stopped to shout their sympaties by king Philip V, in spite of the execution threats and incapable at least to create a cavalry regiment - nor confiscating the precise animals by lack of volunteers that mounts them -, the 9 of November leave their ephemeral Court, hours before the Bourbon took it once and for all.

The battle of Villaviciosa of Tajuña (Guadalajara) sealed the warlike conflict that same year.

The allied casualties are heavy with more than 3.000 deads and 12.000 prisoners, losing 50 flags, 14 standards, 21 cannons, 2 mortars, almost all the equipment, recovering most of the jewels despoiled to the churches of Madrid and Toledo, restored without delay.

One year later, the archduke Carlos abandons his followers, embarking from Barcelona to take the Austrian imperial crown (September 27, 1711), leaving that city in a critical situation until its capture and sacking another month of September, that of 1714, in which loses its jurisdictions and it is subjected to those of Castile.

[Steveholmes]

Whenever he could, Philip V avoided the Fortress by the dislike that the building produced in him, preferring the Palace or the palaces of the aristocracy.

During the War of Spanish Succession, he remained in the Villa for only a short time, uncomfortable, dirty and in one of its lower moments. Disregarding the residences of the nobility and the convents and churches, little interest, the urban center was anything but exemplary.

The streets of Madrid were steep, full of holes, smelly, filled with unemployed armed people, servants without house to which to serve, hungry loafers, markets badly supplied, food staple shortages...

An observer wrote: "The Madrilenians have learned the style of the moles. Most of their houses are not much more than dirt, like molehills a single floor. In those constructed, the mule that carried bricks has as much part in the glory as the architect".

With the end of the war, the panorama does not vary outwardly. Mesoneros Romanos (1803 - 1882) gathers a commentary during the reign of Ferdinand IV that states... "Madrid is the dirtiest Court of Europe". An anonymous storyteller said that... "King Charles III knew that he approached Madrid by the environmental pestilence".

The capital, in the middle of the 18th century, is very similar to the one of Philip IV. The fence or mud wall raised by this monarch in 1625 remains erect, restricting the urban growth and promoting speculation. It is at this time, they begin to build apartment houses stacking the neighborhoods and changing Madrilenian humor and mood, until then very jumpy to any noise.

The parceling and price of the building lots reach incredible levels. The land price per foot around Plaza Mayor is 88 Reales (Silver coins), 12 in the Puerta del Sol, 4 in Alcala Street, 5 in Atocha Street, 4 in San Bernardo and 1.5 in the outskirts of Alcala, Atocha, Segovia or Toledo Gates.

When vigorously following the "privilege of lodging", the large houses were obliged to provide accommodations to civil servants or soldiers in the upper floors, although the service could be replaced by a monetary amount.

The "houses to wickedness" proliferated as much that they constituted two-thirds part of the city, counting whereupon the remaining third included convents, monasteries, churches, hospitals, and noble mansions.

Urbanization remained unknown. Uneven streets, shapeless and deformed city blocks, dirty and peeled facades, very small squares, without paving stones nor sewer system and much less drains.

Trash and garbage were thrown from the windows, breaching the laws or decrees. The avenues were muckheaps only cleaned when it rained and the water drained the debris.

The public lighting system was a laugh, because of the amount of concentrated candles lit seemed proper only for an image or street Christ, and only a few points of light of the palaces. No one put luminaries in the windows to save wax.

The nocturnal corteges used big candles that were extinguished buckets at the entrance of the houses, to avoid the blackening of the inner walls and danger of fire. The public fountains, few, had almost no water pressure.

The markets are sheds of drawers and logs around the Plaza Mayor, La Cebada, Antón Martín and the San Luis network, in addition to street stalls scattered throughout the city, that sell of everything, except the food staples - bread, meat or fish -, sold in government stores, that imply considerable travel and the payment of excise taxes.

Personal insecurity is astonishing. To go out at night means to do it armed and in company. The aristocracy, carried hand chairs, had escorts opening the way to repel the thieves and the penniless, who lurked in the shadows.

The military governor of Madrid, count of Maceda, who introduced dignity founded by king Philip V, complained of the nocturnal darkness that favored robbery, murder, as well as lewdness as there was in the Court. Adding, at sunset, there is no way to distinguish it from a vulgar village, unlike other European cities, abounding in lights.

There was no shortage of rational, because as he well stated, "it is a shame that by our negligence, the sovereign inhabits the dirtiest town of this country". Nevertheless, Madrid is no different from London or Rome in thieves, beggars, and street stench.

Even doctors defend the garbage accumulation saying that... "The air of Madrid is so "pure", it is necessary to filter it with trash".

The outer accesses were another ordeal. Mesonero Romanos describes them as "work of truly heroic spirits" by its danger and bad planning. The hills that lead to Palace, then in construction, those of the Vega, Vistillas or the bridge of Toledo, are only accessible by spirited people in good physical form.

The exit by Atocha was not any better, by bad condition of the paving and the Paseo del Prado was a polluted stream, full of excrements and garbage. The neighborhoods of the hospitals were a catalogue of rotting carrion and the route to the church of Atocha was almost impassable, on foot or horse, by the rubble.

The stone paved streets were as bad as those that were not paved - about 50% - by the custom to place the stones pointed end up, to eliminate wear and tear. They were neither dressed nor linked, and it was enough to travel, least everyone does, many people fell and vehicles overturned.

To the abundance of carts, carriages, mules, hand carried chairs and burdened people add herds of swine of the convent of San Antonio Abad, that freely fed in the streets on the Court, thanks to a royal privilege ratified several times by the High Court and the Justices Tribunal, in spite of the rejection of the neighbors.

The dogs were a plague. Uncontrolled packs that chased the pigs that scared the beasts of burden causing accidents and raising the protest of the ecclesiastical hierarchy, because they procreated in public with the consequent offense to morality.

In the days of King Ferdinand VI, people were required to pile up the garbage at the street doors instead of throwing it to the street. But no more was obtained than to merge the stinking and unhealthy centers in certain areas, awaiting that once a week, be removed by the farmers who came to sell their merchandise in Madrid. Other things, little changes until 19th century.

The noise of children playing dreas and throwing stones, the farm animals - goats, hens or turkeys - mixing freely, the neighbors blocking passage when forming summers social gatherings in the middle of the street and igniting the brazier or roasting chestnuts in winter, the fights for a bowl of soup at the door of asylums and hospitals, and mainly, the galloping misery, that didn't matter to anyone, but was the main comment of the citizen life.

[Steveholmes]

The Madrilenian society from the 18th century is a stated society, with juridical rules similar to those of the previous century. The nobility and the clergy continue with most of their privileges, although they diminished numerically. Their power and their wealth were maintained.

Neither all the nobility nor the whole clergy had the same category. Among the nobles, there were some vastly rich, with big territorial properties, who lived in Madrid although their birthplace has been another.

On the other side there were the illustrious come to less, some of which hardly had to eat. Something similar happened with the clergy.

Although the political importance of the nobility continued being important it was smaller than during the 17th century. Now, the king directed the politics personally, taking decisions although he consulted surrounded of people that he considered opportune, not always belonging to the high nobility, there being a clear ascent of the illustrious with university education.

The critic against the hereditary nobility was more and more abundant, because difficultly could be justified its privilege situation and permanent idleness.

Cadalso, in the 13th of his "Marruecas Letters" defined it in this way "... Hereditary nobility is the vanity that I am founded in that, eight hundred years before my birth, somebody that called as myself died and although he was a profit man, I am useless for everything."

This is not the only testimony that runs off against this social group who not only didn't create any wealth but also who consumed great quantity of goods.

But, the Bourbons Court was very different from that of the Austrias. Those splendid parties that called the foreign travellers attention finished.

Now, the etiquette is more rigid, the work more frequent and abundant and the parties were reduced in number and duration. The hunting was the only taste that, above all, both Charles maintained.

The noblemen, occupied the different employments in charge of the king's direct service and were four the fundamental positions who were in charge of these tasks: the Charitable Chief, the Steward Chief, the Stableman Chief and the Sumillers.

The first one, used to be a cardinal or bishop. On him depended the palace chapel and he was at the same time the Army's General Vicar, being helped by different chaplains, preachers, singers, and so on.

The second one, was responsible for the Royal House. He belonged to the highest nobility and he was the most important official in palace. He supervised all relative to the life inside the Court, included the administration.

The Stableman Chief prepared and controlled the king's activities outdoors: displacements, hunting, etc.

Lastly, the Sumillers were in charge of the good operation of the Royal Camera and the whole personnel of service: from the doctors to the washerwomen depended on him.

The low nobility was very numerous. Some authors affirm that twenty five per cent of the Madrilenian homes belonged to the illustrious. Most of the components of this group had the pride to reject the manual work. They preferred living with shortage to work with their hands.

In 1783 and against this situation, it was approved a decree which allowed to gain admittance to the nobility to whom demonstrates that, along three generations carried out a mercantile or industrial activity of public utility.

The clergy, was diminishing numerically along the century, spending of the population's four per cent by the middle of century to almost two per cent at the end of it.

Madrid was not a very excellent city from the point of view of the religious organization. It belonged to Toledo diocese, and the cardinal-archbishop of that city was the one that nominated the ecclesiastical post and gave instructions.

In spite of it, the Madrilenian clergy continued having great influence in the city. They controlled a great part of the urban surface and the parishes, from the medieval time, configured the administrative structure of the city.

Around the parishes a numerous group of people were living beside the clergymen, vergers, acolytes, bellringers, gravediggers and several more people. Most of the churches had some interesting sums received, coming from their properties and the payment for the religious services that they render.

Most of the religious orders had their convents in Madrid. Frequently, it was the most important of all those of that religious order in Spain. On monks and nuns' hands were hospitals and charity institutions, as well as most of the educational and cultural centers.

These Madrilenians religious orders - monks and nuns - distributed some 30.000 portions of soup daily between the poor people of the city.

The Jesuits' expulsion not only from Madrid but from Spain was an extraordinary event. They had been also expelled from Portugal and France. Their power and influence was enormous. They controlled the education and great part of the culture. Among this, they were the confessors of almost all the nobility and they were devoted to the business, loans, etc.

Probably, one of the factors that more influenced on it was their participation in revolts against Esquilache. In 1767, on the 1st of April, the monks abandoned, before many Madrilenians's incredulous eyes, the six big buildings they had in the city.

[Steveholmes]

The most numerous and heterogeneous group composed the "third state". Into it, the qualified professionals, the bankers, the merchants and artisans, the servants and journeymen were included.

Among the professionals, the majority group was compound for those dedicated to the laws. Among the less numerous were those dedicated to the education. It shows the control that the clergy exercised on this activity.

The merchants formed a numerous group, being organized around the "Biggest Five Unions". Most of them had a small family store and others placed their goods for sale on some cases outdoors, such as Montera Street or in Mayor Square.

Until well entered the 19th century, it didn't exist in our city covered markets that guaranteed the control and the hygiene of the food sold. Daily shopping was made in these flea markets.

In them, greenness, the corral birds, the hunt, oils, cheeses, eggs and other foods were sold. To them, ladies came either by themselves or with their servants to choose the products arrived from the different Spanish regions and distributed for street sellers, very knowledgeables of their profession.

The most plentiful handmade activities were: the construction, the clothesmaking and the textiles shops production. The Madrilenian tailors had great fame, although the wealthiest and most presumptuous families usually were dressed up in a Parisian style, with models bought in the French capital.

Men and women used in the domestic service or assimilated tasks were abundant. They took charge of the most diverse assignments and any house should have a good number of servants.

In Madrid, during this century, there was almost nine thousand agricultural journeymen and a hundred of farmers, according to Floridablanca's census. This workers group was bigger than artisans, what provides us an idea of the type of city that Madrid was in those years.

A great number of poor, beggars and vagabonds lived in the capital. Next to the bishops and parish priests obligation of giving charity to the poor of solemnity, there are the kings' dispositions pursuing the lacies that go from city to city and that could work and to get sustenance for their family.

Although the authorities, in different occasions, published orders and decrees to expel from Madrid to whom was not Madrilenian and to remember those of the Court that waited from them or the work or the hospice, the number of poor and vagabonds was very numerous in the city.

The Madrilenians' habits changed during the century, mainly, for the influence that from France and Italy arrived.

One of the manifestations that more clearly let us see this influence was the dress, the French frock coat, the shoes with buckle, the abundant wigs and the extravagance frills substituted to the austerity of the previous century.

The French imitation arrived until the ridicule, giving origin to the "Petimetre " - coming from the French "petit maitre" or "young gentleman" -, peculiar character vituperated by the popular layers.

The "petimetres" (male) and "petimetras" (female) are people only busy in their own personal appearance, the gestures that they should use, the language to use, etc.

They take care in the way of walking, of greeting, of being introduced, but mainly their dress, their hairstyle, their frills... The "petimetre" is the opposed to the "majo", masculinity symbol, of the audacity and of the courage, even of the vulgarity.

The "majos" wardrobe was the hat of wide wing and a cape that fell him until the feet, with which used to muffle and to cover, almost completely, his face. Against this attire the Esquilache's decree goes.

Among the "majas" was frequent the back comb and the mantilla, a very adjusted corset that stood out the figure, generally with abundant neckline, wide skirt until the floor and low shoes.

It was known that many "majos" took hidden a knife in his strip and the "majas" a dagger in the suspender of her left leg. Insults and the street fights were frequent and they are reflected in the different theatrical forms by Moratín or by Ramón of the Cruz.

Among the recreations more appreciated by the Madrilenians can be pointed out the dance, the verbenas, the bulls and the game. These last ones were prohibited in some moments. Parties were frequent, some related with religious festivities and others with Royal House' celebrations.

The pilgrimages and the verbenas were appropriate places for the recreation of noblemen and plebeians.

To these places, some noblemen went dressed as "majos" to mix themselves with the town and to separate a little from the French influence. Some portraits by Goya show us this attire of the noblemen.

Masked balls taken place during the carnivals, allowed by the Count of Aranda, were events very popular in the Madrilenian social life. Princess María Luisa herself, the future king Charles IV's wife, looked for all type of influences so that his father-in-law, king Charles III, allowed her to go to those dances.

In 1738, a new theater was opened up, Caños of the Peral, located in the same place that today occupies the Royal Theater. This new building, was added to those of the Cruz and Príncipe to offer daily dramatic works to the Madrilenians, without forgetting that, the richest noblemen showed off to offer dramatic works to their friends or companies, in their own houses.

The social gatherings, were another form of using the time for the lazy class of our city. If we pay attention to some authors of the time, in them, the conversation topics were banalities and gossiping in its biggest part.

This habit, also arrived from France, rooted deeply in the Spanish character and it has lasted until our days.

[Steveholmes]

The 18th century brought to Madrid and Spain a new dynasty. Its arrival, initially simple, complicated later in a secession war, in which the Spanish and foreign interests were mixed.

The testament of Charles II, the last king of the Austrias, was clear. His successor had to be Philip of Anjou, grandson of France's king Louis XV, belonging to the House of Bourbon, but also he inhaled to the Spanish throne archduke Charles, related to the House of Austria.

On the 18 of February of 1701, arrived at Madrid Philip V, settling in the Palace of the Good Retirement while his solemn entrance was prepared in the city as usual. On the 14 of April of the same year, the official entrance took place.

All the route was perfectly adorned with enormous ephemeral architectures: arcs profusely adorned in the way out of the Retirement, shields, statues, carpets and brocades laid out all the route by the streets of Alcala and Mayor until the Fortress.

While the new king settled in the throne, the war had begun hardly in Europe between those in favor of the French king and the Austrian, but little by little it was becoming more and more complicated until, into 1705 it also became a civil war inside the Spanish kingdoms.

Until year 1705, king Philip V and Madrid had found out the war hardly, but the division of the national territory in two sides, forced to the most direct participation of Madrid in the war, mainly, when at the beginning of July of 1706 archduke Charles settled in Madrid when winning his troops, although a month later king Philip occupied the capital again.

The definitive triumph of the French pretender and the supports that the Austrian had received from the kingdom of Aragon, influenced on the political decisions of the new monarch, therefore the political centralization increased and the exemptions and privileges that still the old kingdom of Aragon conserved diminished.

With the definitive victory, the power of the monarch increased simultaneously and at the same time the power of the capital from where it was exerted.

Downtown, the city of Madrid began to harbor those organisms from that the new power acted. Around the Sun Gate were built the Customs House or Treasure Ministry, the Mail House, the Post House, and from a point of the own square was traced the radial net of the Spain roads.

During the reign of first of the Bourbons some important decisions for the city related to its function as a capital were adopted, such as the creation and establishment in Madrid of the Real Academy of the Language in 1717 or the one of History in 1738, others related to the operation of the city, as the modifications of some of the municipal organisms: the House and Court Mayors' Board and the own Municipal Council.

The first one had to take care of the order and the urban police, it had to watch the streets, the markets, to control homeless people, numerous in those years, because of the heat of the war and as a result its number had grown in Madrid, to persecute the delinquents, and so on.

The Board was equipped with greatest averages to take care of his functions and his competitions were extended, since the new monarchy wished to have controlled the city.

The Municipal Council was the organism in charge of the cleaning, the ornamentation and the maintenance, in addition to some other administrative questions. The most important person of the Council was the chief magistrate, representative of the king in the municipality, being helped by the aldermen, all of them pertaining to the low nobility.

The operation of this organism was through commissions (52 then), some with as peculiar assignments as the open-air Fairs, Transfer of Bulls, Condolences and Congratulations, and so on.

A religious curiosity during this reign was the " Rounds of the Mortal Sin". They were called thus to the nocturnal rounds made by the Saint and Royal Brotherhood of Holy Mary of the Hope and Sacred Heaven in the Salvation of the Souls.

This Brotherhood maintained a house-refuge for young and repentant prostitutes, offered masses by those who were in mortal sin and to obtain funds and to alert to the consciences, left the Brotherhood's members to request during all nights by the Madrilenian streets.

With a bell that made sound they alerted of their presence and their voices resounded at night. From the windows of some houses they threw coins to them surrounded in an ignited paper so that those of the round knew where the coin fell.

The lights placed by Sabatini during the reign of Charles III, made disappear the famous "Round of the Mortal Sin".

King Philip died on the 9 of July of 1746 in the Palace of the Good Retirement, heiring his son Ferdinand VI, married with Mary Theresa Barbara of Braganza, daughter of the king of Portugal. His reign was brief, about twelve years, but he carried out some important innovations for the city.

He named a political and military governor who assumed important competencies of the Chief Magistrate and other positions. He raised the imposing Orphanage on the Fuencarral Street, much more great, as far as space, that what today it occupies the building of the Municipal Museum.

The reform of the streets began and the first particular lights to the doors of the houses were placed.

When in 1758 the monarch left the throne and he retired to the castle of Villaviciosa, because of the death of his wife, the City council of Madrid had an important economic surplus, with which his successor Charles III could undertake the accomplishment from the works that embellished the city.

On the 11 of September of 1759, Charles III, son of Philip V and Isabel of Farnesio was proclaimed king of Spain and at the same time king of Naples. He did his solemn entrance in the city of Madrid on the 13 of July of 1760, after several months of work in the Palace of the Good Retirement, where he had given samples of his great capacity and dedication.

The pictures shows:
- The Good Retiro Palace, painting by José Leonardo (1637-1638) exposed in the Municipal Museum.
- Scale model of the old Fortress conserved in the Municipal Museum. Its place is occupied today by the Royal Palace.
- The Royal Palace - Main front of the palace built in neoclassicist style (18th century).
-The Villahermosa Palace - Main front of the palace, which now houses the Thyssen Collection.
- The Villaviciosa castle , place where Fernando VI died, overturned by his wife's death

[Steveholmes]

In spite of all that Charles III made for Madrid, the city did not like it so much and he was thinking about leaving the capital for another city - Seville and Valencia were the candidates - and during the first twenty years of his reign he hardly lived in Madrid, because it seemed to him an unpleasant, dirty and dangerous city.

Toward 1780 his presence in Madrid was more frequent. He already had a new Royal Palace, made according to his pleasure. Also, some of the works, undertaken during Ferdinand VI's reign and the first twenty years of his own reign, were finished, and the city presented then a better image and bigger comforts.

One of the most important conflicts happened during this reign was the known as "Esquilache's revolt", held in March 1766, that originated important riots for the whole city. The revolutionaries also assaulted the marquis of Esquilache's palace and caused his removed as Public Treasury officer, therefore, his exile. Which were the reasons?.

The immediate ones were the laws that Esquilache had bring into operation for the reorganization of the capital of Spain: urban cleaning, games of chance prohibition, illumination, prohibition of using weapons and of dressing long layer and hats of wide wing that favored weapons concealment and hindered the people recognition.

According to the historians, other deeper reasons were the food shortage, the cereals's prices increase, the abundance of posts on Italian people that had arrived with the King, arguments all them repeated in the revolutionaries requesting made to the King and that were expertly managed by the Spanish privileged classes, that had lost power with the arrival of the Italians.

The revolutionaries, after different confrontations with the guards, requested to expose the King in person their petitions and through a clergyman, quite peculiar, they were able to make it, with the King leaning out to a palace balcony.

Their demans were summed up in the ordinance stagnation on layers and hats, bread price reduction, no more ministers than was not Spanish, etc... Before the echoes of the riot were completely out, Esquilache and his family had come out for Italy and the walona guard, responsible for the shots against the revolutionaries, was also retired.

In spite of the integrity and courage of Charles III, listening and approving their petitions, the same night, the King and his Court came out for Aranjuez, something that did not like so much to the revolutionaries.

After the Esquilache's expulsion from Madrid, the count of Aranda arrived to president of the Council of Castile impelling several urban reformations in Madrid. He also got that, most of the Madrilenians stoped to use the hat of wide wing, with the decision of maintaining this privilege for the hangman of the city.

During Charles III's reign some modifications in the administration of the city took place. So, the biggest centralization in the power reduced importance, at least in Madrid, to the Chief Magistrate.

The difficulties in the supplies and the abuses of who controlled them, allowed to settles down a new post in the cities: that of "Public Representative Official Receiver", taking in charge to watch over the interests of the popular classes.

The Official Receiver was chosen by some representatives that previously had been chosen by the whole population with right to do it. The post was for one year and any member of the City Council neither his family could not be chosen, neither who has performed some public post in the two previous years. Neither could be elected any member of the unions.

The territorial organization of the city was also modified. A Royal Letters Patent from 1768, divided Madrid in eight Barracks or Departments with eight neighborhoods each one and with a similar population in each case. Take in charge of each Barracks was a House and Court Mayor and, in each neighborhood, there was a neighborhood mayor.

They took charge of the population's recount, to controll the illumination, the cleaning of the streets and fountains, to pick up the poors and to take them to the hospice, to pick up the abandoned children, and so on.

The eight Barracks or Departments in those that Madrid was divided were those of Mayor Square, Palace, Afligidos, Maravillas, Barquillo, Saint Jerome, Lavapiés and Saint Francisc.

In 1788, by the middle of December, Charles III died. Several thousands of people congregated in the surroundings of the Palace to manifest their pain for the King's death. Charles IV succeeded him to the throne.

His preferences for the politics in general and for Madrid in particular was smaller than those of his father. The queen María Luisa and Godoy managed the politics's threads, much more directly than the own king.

Probably, one of the most outstanding events during his reign with relationship to the city was the fire of the Mayor Square, it happened in August 1791. The fire, also affected to Saint Michael's neighbouring church. The reconstruction of the square was in charge of one of the most important architects in the time: Juan of Villanueva.

Other important buildings as the Tobaccos Factory or the Buenavista Palace, today occupied by the Ministry of Defense, were lifted during his reign, but maybe, the biggest honor for the King and Madrid was to have Francisco of Goya and Lucientes as Court's painter and the city's manners scenes.