The crisis in Bolivia could be the first big test of the newly formed Union of Nations of South America (Unasul) which is convening an
emergency meeting starting today in Chile. The meeting has been called by Chile's President Michelle Bachelet in a bid to defuse a dispute that has so far claimed 18 lives and threatens to tear apart the poorest country in Latin America.
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Their protests have become increasingly violent and last Thursday, 16 Morales supporters were massacred when a lorry was ambushed, prompting the declaration of martial law the following day. Since then there have been more deaths, a bomb attack on a pipeline and widespread looting and destruction.
Morales also ordered the expulsion of the
US ambassador to Bolivia, Philip Goldberg, whom he accused of "conspiring against democracy" and encouraging the separatists. Chávez expelled the US ambassador to Venezuela shortly afterwards, partly as a gesture of solidarity, but also because he claimed to have discovered independent evidence of a coup plot against him. "
Go to hell a hundred times,
ing Yankees … When there will be a new government in the United States, you will send an ambassador, a government that respects the people of Latin America,"
he said in a speech.
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Chávez further upped the political ante by threatening military intervention in Bolivia if there was a coup attempt, which prompted a Bolivian general, Luis Trigo, to state that the army would not tolerate any foreign intervention from Chavez or any other country. Lula's call for dialogue and pointed reaffirmation that respecting Bolivia's sovereignty meant supporting its right to solve its own problems has also been seen as a rebuke to Chávez.
The attempts by Bachelet and Lula to resolve the Bolivian crisis through
UNASUL will also be an important test of the effectiveness of the new body, which was formally signed into being at a meeting in Brasilia in May.
It integrates two existing customs unions; Mercosur and the Andean community, as part of a continuing process of South American integration modeled on the European Union. The dream of closer Latin American integration has long been an article of faith among the continent's left. Today's meeting will show whether they have the diplomatic skills necessary for the task.