Italy. End of 255BC.
The Macedonian army under command of Antipatros disembarks near Cannae. Soon Antipatros receives reinforcements – Italian infantry trained in South Italy. He marches then toward Cannae that is under the siege by roman army under command of Herennius Flaccus. Romans retreat. Macedonians pursue the enemy. Romans are finally cornered near Capua and stood no chance against Antipatros and his men. .
After this success, Antipatros orders his men to march South along the East coast to block the access to Cannae and Capua regions. Macedonians soon spot a large roman army blocking their path. Antipatros is not of a high opinion of the Italians under his command. He is also aware of the superiority of the Romans position. Therefore Antipatros decides to wait for the enemy move.
Rome was again the epicenter of the events in Italy. Roman army under command of Herennius Helvius had the mission to retake Rome. The city is garrisoned by a large Macedonian force under command of Agathokles. Agathokles army is short on infantry. Nevertheless, Agathokles takes the innitiative and order attack. Haven’t Agathokles learned a think about Romans after prolonged and bloody assaults of Rome? Has he gone mad to risk all in a foolish attempt to regain his status of the conqueror of Italy? Or, perhaps, he learned his lessons and knew very well what he was doing?!
The Agathokles’ plan was simple. He positioned his archers on the walls and in the main gate tower. He himself and a part of the infantry were to sally, take a position just in front of the main gate, and attempt to lure the enemy into fight near city walls, just within the range of Macedonian archers and onagers.
But Romans were in no hurry to attack. To lure the enemy Agathokles charged a group of enemy skirmishers and then fainted retreat. This risky maneuver cost lives of many of his bodyguards, but the enemy finally took the bait.
The enemy general was the first to attack: Raman cavalry charged the Macedonian left wing and so came into the range of fire of Macedonian archers.
“A-a-a-archers! Fire at will!”
Enemy cavalry was annihilated in a matter of few moments. The Roman general and a few of his men broke and fled in panic (oblivious to the world, indeed

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Romans soon overwhelmed a small Macedonian force that faced them, but casualties among Romans were mounting quickly. Macedonian archers and onagers crews were deadly efficient.
A unit of principies attempting to escape the death zone came under crossfire of Macedonian archers and slingers. The route of their retreat was marked by many dead bodies. The death trail it was, indeed.
Deserted by their general, Romans were marching back and forth trying to escape the Macedonian missiles, but also undecided to leave the battle ground and still eager to punish those few brave Macedonians who faced them outside the city walls.
To keep Romans “interested” Agathokles orders another group of his footmen to sally and face Romans. Thorakitai and Thracian mercenary met the approaching enemy with a rain of javelins.
Increasingly frustrated and desperate, Romans attack the Macedonians. After a short, but fierce melee, Romans route Thracian mercenaries.
But, the battle-seasoned Thorakitai stand their ground firmly and the last wave of Roman heavy infantry finally breaks against Macedonian shields and spears. Remainder of the Roman army, a group of skirmishers, retreated in a hurry.
The field in front of one of the gates of eternal city was paved with bodies of Roman soldiers.
This heroic victory by Agathokles put Macedonians into an unexpectedly favorable position. Although, Roman armies in the Poe valley still presented a serious threat, the cities of Arretium and Aruminium, the most significant Roman settlements in the region, were within Macedonian grasp.
Nevertheless, Macedonian had to acknowledge that the Army under Agathokles was too weak to start an offensive immediately. In contrast, Antipatros could march on and capture Ariminium, which was lightly garrisoned In this way, Antipatros captured an enemy settlement without compromising his main mission – to keep the pathway along the Eastern coast safe. Then, looting was another temptetion difficult to resist.
Roman response was quick and decisive. A Roman army marches toward Rome. Other two take positions near Arretium and Patavium. Romans could not afford loosing another city.
But it was not for them to decide. Gyras, the faction leader, the conqueror of Greece, decides to return to action. He gathers all the available forces and siege equipment in South Italy and sails for Sicily. Messana was first to fall.
Strangely enough, the city was garrisoned by a number of onager crews only. The battle was expected to begin with a duel between onagers crews. Romans took the bate and began firing at Macedonian horsemen, which were ordered to gallop back and forth in front of the gate, whereas the rest of the army was at a safe distance. Macedonian onagers fired directly at the enemy artillery and soon silenced them.
In 253BC Romans besiege Rome again. However, this time they face an army that matches the Roman army in both number and quality: Agathokles received reinforcements, and most importantly infantry.
Agathokles orders an attack. His plan was the same: to lure Romans into a fight near the city wall.
Romans had no intention to make the same mistake: they maneuvered and tried to keep their distance.
They haven’t succeeded in the beginning: onagers crew managed to get quite a few shots at the enemy.
Finally, Agathokles orders his men to sally and face the enemy in the field, even far from walls. Archers are ordered to join the battle as well.
Romans kept waiting for grass to grow, and only when Macedonians were upon them, Romans attempted an attack, which proved faint and was easily repelled by Macedonians. Romans were not in the mood and state to fight any longer. Their retreat soon degenerated in routing. Many Romans escaped.