In 390 B.C., the Athenian general Iphicrates "reformed" the infantry of Athens to some extent, introducing
lighter armor and shields in addition to a 12-foot long thrusting spear, known as the xyston. After this point, traditional Hoplites and their equipment, such as the Corinthian helm and the shorter 9-foot long spear began to slowly fade away.
Even the intricate bronze breastplates of the Classical period began to be replaced by lighter "linthorax" cuirasses made popular by Alexander the Great.