The only weapon that was a ranged weapon in my post was the bow and arrow. Up close and personal, those other weapons could kill untold numbers of standard civilians...and you know this.
The first takashima muskets were not very effective. I don't know what your point is. Their main role was to incite fear, which they did, stopping the banzai charges of the day during the late medieval period. They were wildly inaccurate since the loads varried or the shot was not uniform, nor the strength of the gunpowder, and had no rifling(the spiral inside that spins the bullet or shot) and each was made and not precisely uniform as they had no proper lathes and machining tools.
A katana was not a battlefield sword, but a personal sidearm. But the events here were not a battlefield were they? A nagamaki was held in the armory in medieval Japan because of their durability and usefulness, but obviously a katana in the same period could easily kill unarmored foes and civilians.
Hunting is very sporting as you may harvest no animal based upon your ability at stalking and weather and luck and skill at ranged weapons. There are more sporting weapons like black powder rifles and some of these cannot properly be called rifles as no rifling might be inside the barrel. So yeah, those have one shot and you then have no chance of firing another. Of course a reflex bow is a very sporting method versus a compound bow which reduces the tension when pulled back. A crossbow is not very sporting as it can be nocked and constantly held under tension mechanically, but then, it takes a lonnnnnnnng time to reload.
I see no issues with hunting. Rather I think it is grotesque to buy meat at the store because most of the meat comes from corporate farms that treat the animals in totally inhumane ways. In fact, if most were to hunt for their meat, then most would probably be vegetarian or even become vegan.
If you watch this documentary, them you may never eat meat again due to seeing how cruel the livestock industry is in corporate farms and subsequent butchering.
Our ancestors did NOT eat that much meat because it was harvested based upon local maturity of the livestock and home canned not bought at a grocery store. Even if they hunted, then that was subject to many rules which made acquisition of wild game to be a rare occurence. Rather what typically happened was taking a somewhat routine rabbit by trapping through snares and then based upon maturity by season.