Ok, guys, I've run the first experiment. Here's what I've got.
In grid_data-0003, I changed all the middle hex values to zero for the Rhineland region. I saved the .xml and packed it all back up into pathfinding.esf. Loaded up Empire and messed around for a while. No change in the ability to move in the region, and all but the first battle I played had foggy weather. I even assaulted the regional capital, and it loaded into a fort battle, which darthmod (supposedly) gets rid of. So... not exactly sure what happened there, but maybe the reason why the first battle didn't have fog was because darthmod was preventing weather? I dunno for certain.
I've attached the pictures below, as well as the new pathfinding.esf. If anyone's got some extra time, replace your regular pathfinding.esf with this file and try fighting some battles in Rhineland to see if you get the same foggy effects on all the battles there, like I did. I hope that this wasn't just a fluke on my computer.
By the way, I figured it out; if you place the pathfinding.esf in your empire total war\data\campaign_maps\global_map folder first, and then start up the DMUC launcher, apparently there's something about when it runs scripts that causes the effects of my modified pathfinding.esf to not work. So, if you use DMUC, open it up and select the campaign like you usually do, but before you actually launch ETW, replace the pathfinding.esf with my modified one.