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Thread: Portugal -historical research and discussion

  1. #1
    Romman's Avatar Tiro
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    Default Portugal -historical research and discussion

    By the year of 1100, there was no country of Portugal yet. It was named the Condado Portucalense, or the Portucalense County. And so, it was ruled by the Count Henrique.



    As you can see, at that time, the county belong to the Kingdom of León.

    Note: the muslim territories were vast in hose times, so if u realy want to follow the history line at the begining, the catholic factions must be at war with them and there mustn't be any "rebel" cities between them. The moors were very powerful, so if we get rebels in the middle, they becomes too easy for the Hiberian catholic factions.

    In 1112, Count Henrique died and his wife, Teresa, started to administrate the county while their son, Afonso Henriques, were minor.
    Nine years after that, Teresa started to call herself as Queen, but the proximity with a leonese noble cause the people to riot.
    With 14 years old (1225), Afonso Henriques, arms himselvf as a knight, following the proper ways of a king, becoming an independet warrior.
    In 1128 a battle was fought between the forces of Afonso Henriques and the leonese supporters of her mother, but eventually, he won the battle against his own mother and so he gains the control of the county.

    And the dream of independence begun to shine...





    Independence, however, was not a thing a land could choose on its own. Afonso Henriques county still had to be acknowledged by the neighbouring lands as a kingdom and, most importantly, by the Roman Catholic Church and the Pope.

    In Portugal, he built several monasteries and convents and bestowed important privileges to religious orders. In 1143, he wrote to Pope Innocent II to declare himself and the kingdom servants of the Church, swearing to pursue driving the Moors out of the Iberian peninsula. Bypassing any king of Castile or León, Afonso Henriques declared himself the direct liegeman of the Papacy. Thus, he continued to distinguish himself by his fighting against the Moors, from whom he wrested Santarém and Lisbon in 1147.

    In 1143, the Treaty of Zamora established peace between the neighbours and the recognition by the Kingdom of León that Portugal was an independent kingdom.

    In 1179 the privileges and favours given to the Roman Catholic Church were compensated. In the papal bull Manifestis Probatum, Pope Alexander III acknowledged Afonso as King and Portugal as an independent land with the right to conquer lands from the Moors. With this papal blessing, Portugal was at last secured as a country and safe from any Leonese or Castilian attempts at annexation.




    The Ourique Battle




    Memorial to the battle of Ourique


    State of King Afonso Henriques






    HOPE TO BE USEFUL

    Em seu throno entre o brilho das espheras, com seu manto de noite e solidão, tem aos pés o mar novo e as mortas eras – o unico imperador que tem, deveras, o globo mundo em sua mão.
    On his throne amidst the glint of the spheres, with his mantle of night and solitude, at his feet the new sea and the dead years -the only emperor who truly holds the globe world in his hand.

  2. #2
    Stephan's Avatar Campidoctor
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    Default Re: Portugal -historical research and discussion

    nice work +rep

    Yes, I know that Ishtar is spelled wrong

  3. #3

    Default Re: Portugal -historical research and discussion

    Portugal had realy good kings before the crisis when Portugal falled in spanish hands .

    They turned a little country with not so many habitants in one of the most important countries in the humain history. Imagine with only few mens they take control of most African coast, they fought Turcs in Indian seas and Indians to force to etablish in Arabia, Persia and India trading places protected by forts.

    The Portugueses was against spanishs, like the scottishs against england. They had always to be aware, cause Spain wanted always to dominate Iberia. There are several battles where portugueses where 1 for 3 spanishs in the battlefield and won. The defeast in battle are mostly when portugal wanted to conquer spanish lands in the other side of the Guadiana.

    There were not so many habitants, thats why they didn't colonise most of the places conquered. It was just impossible ^^.


  4. #4
    PedroL's Avatar Citizen
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    Default Re: Portugal -historical research and discussion

    PORTUGAL THE OLDEST NATION OF EUROPE. (ALMOST 900 YEARS OLD)


    Afonso had already won many victories over the Moors. At the beginning of his reign the religious fervor which had sustained the Almoravide dynasty was rapidly subsiding; in Portugal independent Moorish chiefs ruled over cities and petty taifa states, ignoring the central government; in Africa the Almohades were destroying the remnants of the Almoravide power. Afonso took advantage of these dissentions to invade Alentejo, reinforced by the Templars and the Hospitallers, whose respective headquarters were at Tomar and Soure.






    On July 25, 1139 he defeated the combined forces of the Moors on the plains of Ourique, in Alentejo. Legend has magnified the victory into the rout of 200,000 Muslims under five kings; but so far was the battle from being decisive that in 1140 the Moors were able to seize the fortress of Leiria, built by Afonso in 1135 as an outpost for the defence of Coimbra, his capital. In 1145 they defeated the Templars at Soure. But on March 15, 1147 Afonso stormed the fortress of Santarém, and about the same time a band of crusaders on their way to Palestine landed at Oporto and volunteered for the impending siege of Lisbon. Among them were many Englishmen, Germans and Flemings, who were afterwards induced to settle in Portugal. Aided by these powerful allies, Afonso captured Lisbon on October 25 1147.





    This was the greatest military achievement of his reign. The Moorish garrisons of Palmela, Sintra and Almada soon capitulated, and in 1158 Alcácer do Sal, one of the chief centres of Moorish commerce, was taken by storm. At this time, however, the Almohads had triumphed in Africa and invaded the Peninsula, where they were able to check the Portuguese reconquest, although isolated bands of crusading adventurers succeeded in establishing themselves in various cities of Alentejo. The most famous of these free-lances was Geraldo Sem Pavor ("Gerald the Fearless"), who captured Évora in 1166.


    GERALDO SEM PAVOR




    In 1171 Afonso concluded a seven years truce with the Moors; weakened by his wound and by old age, he could no longer take the field, and when the war broke out afresh he delegated the chief command to his son Sancho. Between 1179 and 1184 the Moors retrieved many of their losses in Alentejo, but were unable to retake Santarém and Lisbon. In 1179, by the papal bull Manifestis Probatum, pope Alexander III acknowledged Portugal as an independent nation and Afonso and his heirs and as her rightful kings. Afonso died on December 6, 1185. He had secured for Portugal both the status and the name of an independent kingdom, and had extended its frontier southwards from the Mondego to the Tagus. He had laid the foundation of its navy and had strengthened, if he did not inaugurate, that system of co-operation between the Crown and the military orders which afterwards proved of incalculable service in the maritime and colonial development of the nation.



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  5. #5
    PedroL's Avatar Citizen
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    Default Re: Portugal -historical research and discussion

    CASTLES FROM PORTUGAL

    CASTLE OF ALMOROL
    (built by the templars)



    CASTLE OF TOMAR
    Built by the templars



    SIEGE OF LISBON BY D AFONSO HENRIQUES



    BATTLE OF SACAVEM (D Afonso Henriques)



    Battle of S Mamede (Afonso Henriques)



    Battle of Ceuta

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    PedroL's Avatar Citizen
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    Default Re: Portugal -historical research and discussion

    The famous Ginetes



    The trebuchet used in the siege of Lisbon



    The importances of the templars in the formation of Portugal





    Os Besteiros de Conto

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  7. #7
    Romman's Avatar Tiro
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    Default Re: Portugal -historical research and discussion

    Yey ginetes with a G

    PedroL what is tthe last flag?

    Em seu throno entre o brilho das espheras, com seu manto de noite e solidão, tem aos pés o mar novo e as mortas eras – o unico imperador que tem, deveras, o globo mundo em sua mão.
    On his throne amidst the glint of the spheres, with his mantle of night and solitude, at his feet the new sea and the dead years -the only emperor who truly holds the globe world in his hand.

  8. #8
    PedroL's Avatar Citizen
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    Default Re: Portugal -historical research and discussion

    THE DEAD OF D AFONSO HENRIQUES

    Afonso I was the son of Henry of Burgundy, Count of Portugal and Teresa of León, the illegitimate daughter of King Alfonso VI of Castile and León. He was proclaimed King on July 26, 1139, immediately after the Battle of Ourique, and died on December 6, 1185 in Coimbra.




    His Castle (Castle of Guimareis)






    His Kingdom PORTUGAL





    D AFONSO HENRIQUES THE CONQUER





    PORTUGAL OUR NATION





    THE DEAD OF OUR KING (Mosteiro de Santa Cruz - Coimbra)












    LONG LIVE PORTUGAL (HAIL...HAIL...HAIL)
    Last edited by PedroL; September 15, 2008 at 05:14 PM.
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  9. #9
    PedroL's Avatar Citizen
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    Default Re: Portugal -historical research and discussion

    Quote Originally Posted by Romman View Post
    Yey ginetes with a G

    PedroL what is tthe last flag?
    SORRY

    THIS IS THE CORRECT ORDER OF OUR FLAGS




    JINETES OF COURSE

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  10. #10

    Default Re: Portugal -historical research and discussion

    when were the ginetes formed?

  11. #11
    PedroL's Avatar Citizen
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    Default Re: Portugal -historical research and discussion

    Quote Originally Posted by Lebre View Post
    when were the ginetes formed?
    The light horseman were developed in the Middle Ages, they were formed to battle to the light cavalry of the moors.
    They were very important in the Reconquista. The Spanish and the Portuguese used a lot. (Nas ditas fossadas). They were very important to ambush the moors and to assault villages and in the battles.


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    Romman's Avatar Tiro
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    Default Re: Portugal -historical research and discussion

    Fossadas? xD

    Em seu throno entre o brilho das espheras, com seu manto de noite e solidão, tem aos pés o mar novo e as mortas eras – o unico imperador que tem, deveras, o globo mundo em sua mão.
    On his throne amidst the glint of the spheres, with his mantle of night and solitude, at his feet the new sea and the dead years -the only emperor who truly holds the globe world in his hand.

  13. #13
    Romman's Avatar Tiro
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    Default Re: Portugal -historical research and discussion

    And by the way:

    Ginete:do Ár. zanete < zanata; cavalo pequeno, de boa raça, fino, bem formado e ligeiro;cavaleiro que pelejava com lança e adaga;gineto.

    Spanish use J and Portuguese G

    Em seu throno entre o brilho das espheras, com seu manto de noite e solidão, tem aos pés o mar novo e as mortas eras – o unico imperador que tem, deveras, o globo mundo em sua mão.
    On his throne amidst the glint of the spheres, with his mantle of night and solitude, at his feet the new sea and the dead years -the only emperor who truly holds the globe world in his hand.

  14. #14

    Default Re: Portugal -historical research and discussion

    Guimaraes power ^^ !!!

    My home in Portugal is not far from this beautifull city where Portugal was born !

    I go there 1 o 2 times each year when I go to Portugal.

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    Default Re: Portugal -historical research and discussion

    Great work everyone.. very impressive! Thank you all.




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  16. #16
    PedroL's Avatar Citizen
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    Default Re: Portugal -historical research and discussion

    Quote Originally Posted by Romman View Post
    Fossadas? xD
    sORRY MY MISTAKE. I mean Fossados (incursões que os cristãos "Portugueses" frequentemente faziam por terra de mouros para apreenderem, gado, escravos e outros despojos"

    And yes Portuguese "Ginetes" Spanish "Jinetes" same thing.

    Ginete "light horseman armed with a javelin, sword and a shield,
    they were very proficient at skirmishing and rapid maneuver"




    Last edited by PedroL; September 15, 2008 at 05:53 PM.
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  17. #17
    PedroL's Avatar Citizen
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    Default Re: Portugal -historical research and discussion



    On June 24, 1128, Afonso Henriques, Count of Portugal, fearing that the pending marriage of his widow mother with a nobleman from Leon would pose a threat to his ambitions, fought and defeated his mother, Countess Teresa, and her lover, Fernão Peres de Trava, in battle - thereby establishing himself as sole leader and Prince of Portugal. His claim wasn’t recognized by neighboring nations or the Pope for a long time. However Afonso Henriques forged close alliances with military Orders - the strongest of which the recently formed Templars -, pushing southward conquering territory to the Moors, during the Reconquista. At a certain stage, the Templars were granted 2/3 of all conquered land. They built a defensive line of castles along the Tagus river - which included Tomar and Almourol - that was strategic and crucial for the Kings success.
    Afonso Henriques proclaimed himself king of Portugal on July 25, 1139, after the Battle of Ourique where he defeated 5 Moorish rulers after the legendary vision of Christ crucified assured him victory despite numeric disadvantage. He was recognized as such in 1143 by Alfonso VII, king of Leon and Castile, and in 1179 by Pope Alexander III.


    To see our castles in 360º (3D real castles)
    Please click this link

    http://www.360portugal.com/Menu_Castelos/index.html


    The Templar Castle of Almourol (video - Português e Inglês)

    http://templars.wordpress.com/2007/0...e-of-almourol/
    in video beautiful.
    Last edited by PedroL; September 15, 2008 at 03:52 PM.
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  18. #18
    PedroL's Avatar Citizen
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    Default Re: Portugal -historical research and discussion

    This link

    http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AsFkMqhgSAw

    and this one

    http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Myl4dO1_guU

    you can all see a piece of our wonderful medieval castles. and some of the portuguese history.









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  19. #19
    Romman's Avatar Tiro
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    Default Re: Portugal -historical research and discussion

    Porto de Mós is one of the most beautiufull portuguese castles i've seen (and i've seen lots of them want me to name them? )











    Em seu throno entre o brilho das espheras, com seu manto de noite e solidão, tem aos pés o mar novo e as mortas eras – o unico imperador que tem, deveras, o globo mundo em sua mão.
    On his throne amidst the glint of the spheres, with his mantle of night and solitude, at his feet the new sea and the dead years -the only emperor who truly holds the globe world in his hand.

  20. #20
    PedroL's Avatar Citizen
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    Default Re: Portugal -historical research and discussion

    Castelo de Almourol




    Templars construction
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