ahumlje became a
vassal of the new
Croatian Kingdom in the early 10th century, while the Paganians joined the Croats in statehood in
1050. After the fall of Serbia in the second half of the 10th century, Duklja took over the leadership in the eastern part of the region creating a large kingdom in
1077. The Croatian Kingdom had its capital cities in Dalmatia:
Biaći,
Nin,
Biograd, Šibenik (founded as a port of the Croatian kingdom, while Byzantium controlled Trogir and Split) Knin, Split, Omiš,
Klis, Solin. In
1166-
1168 the Serbian Grand Duke
Stefan Nemanja took rule over the southern Dalmatian duchies.Croatian dukes and the
Kingdom of Croatia ruled much of Dalmatia for extended periods from the ninth through to the eleventh centuries.
[edit] Rivalry between Venice, Byzantium, Croatia and Hungary
The Romance population of Dalmatia started to develop coastal cities like Dubrovnik and Zadar, where the maritime commerce promoted a rich and powerful development.
The
Republic of Venice made several attempts from the tenth century to attain control of the Dalmatian islands and city-states, while Byzantium also preserved an influence on them. This Byzantine influence faded towards the end of the eleventh century, by which time the
Kingdom of Hungary also expanded its influence southwards when Croatia yielded to Hungarian rule resulting in the
Pacta conventa agreement.
The 13th, 14th and 15th centuries were marked by a rivalry between Venice and the Hungarian kingdom, as the Byzantine influence had fully faded.
In
1346, Dalmatia was struck by the
Black Death. The economic situation was also poor, and the cities became more and more dependent on Venice. During this period, Dalmatia was briefly ruled by Croatian magnates
Šubić[
citation needed], the first
Bosnian kings , and contested by the
Angevins and
Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor in the early 15th century, but the end result of this conflict was that the Venetians took control of most of Dalmatia by
1420.
(Unfortunately from Wikipedia....
)